Compensatory cognitive training for people with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review of randomized controlled trial

Cognitive impairments are a common consequence in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Compensatory cognitive training is a therapeutic strategy that offers alternative methods to manage cognitive deficits. This systematic review aims to examine the effects of compensatory cognitive training on cognitive function in people with TBI. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, PEDro, Web of Science, REHABDATA, and EMBASE from inception until October 2023. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected studies. Of 318 articles, eight studies (<i>n</i> = 615), with 8% of participants being females, were included in this review. Four studies were classified as having ‘high’ quality according to the Cochrane Collaboration tool, while four were categorized as ‘moderate’ quality. There were variations in treatment protocols and outcome measures, resulting in heterogeneous findings. The effects of compensatory cognitive training on cognitive outcomes showed inconsistency. In conclusion, the evidence for the effects of compensatory cognitive training on cognition in people with TBI is promising. Further trials are needed to investigate the effects of compensatory cognitive training on various cognitive domains in people with TBI.

创伤性脑损伤（Traumatic Brain Injury，TBI）患者常出现认知障碍，这是该群体较为常见的继发症状。代偿性认知训练是一种治疗策略，可为应对认知缺损提供替代性干预手段。本系统综述旨在探讨代偿性认知训练对TBI患者认知功能的影响效果。本研究检索了自建库至2023年10月的PubMed、SCOPUS、MEDLINE、PEDro、Web of Science、REHABDATA及EMBASE数据库。采用Cochrane协作网评估工具对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评价。初检共获取318篇文献，最终有8项研究（总样本量n=615）纳入本次综述，其中女性参与者占比为8%。根据Cochrane协作网评估工具的评级结果，4项研究被归类为高质量，剩余4项被归类为中等质量。各研究在治疗方案与结局指标方面存在异质性，导致研究结果呈现不一致性。代偿性认知训练对认知结局的影响效果存在不一致性。综上，现有证据表明代偿性认知训练对TBI患者认知功能的改善效果颇具前景，但仍需开展更多临床试验，以探究其对TBI患者不同认知领域的影响效果。