CSIRO Harden Long-Term Tillage Experiment

The data comprises soil, plant, climatic and management data arising from a 30-year (1990-2019) on-farm field experiment comparing a range of tillage and stubble management treatments in a continuous annual winter-cropping sequence. The crops include wheat, canola, narrow-leafed lupin and fieldpea as a winter cover crop. The tillage and stubble treatments included a factorial combination of stubble burning in autumn, or stubble retention with cultivation (once pre-sowing with tyned implement), and / or no-till. In addition, a stubble incorporate treatment was included involving disc ploughing to incorporate the residue on the first rain after harvest each year, and further cultivation for weed control where necessary. These 5 treatments spanned the entire 30 years. This stubble incorporated treatment was split for + or - supplementary nutrients applied to the stubble prior to cultivation as a strategy to increase carbon sequestration from the residue between 2007 and 2014. Regular measurements included plant population, biomass, yield and yield components, grain quality, soil mineral N and soil water pre-sowing and at harvest. Several publications have been published from the experiment on crop productivity, soil biology, soil carbon and constraints to the productivity of no-till systems.

该数据集包含土壤、植物、气候及管理数据，源自一项为期30年（1990-2019年）的田间定位试验。该试验在连续冬作轮作体系中，比较了多种耕作与秸秆管理处理。供试作物包括小麦、油菜、窄叶羽扇豆，以及作为冬季覆盖作物的豌豆。耕作与秸秆处理采用因子组合设计，涵盖秋季秸秆焚烧、秸秆保留结合耕作（播种前使用齿状工具进行一次耕作）、免耕（no-till）；此外，还包含秸秆还田处理——每年收获后首次降雨时，通过圆盘犁翻耕将秸秆残留物混入土壤，必要时辅以进一步耕作。这5种处理持续实施30年。2007-2014年间，秸秆还田处理中增设了子处理：耕作前向秸秆添加补充养分，旨在提升残留物的碳固存（carbon sequestration）效率。常规测定指标包括植株密度、生物量、产量及产量构成因素、籽粒品质、播前与收获期的土壤矿质氮及土壤水分。基于该试验，已发表多篇关于作物生产力、土壤生物学、土壤碳及免耕系统生产力限制因素的研究论文。