Dermoid cyst with cerebellar meningoencephalocele at different locations accompanied by posterior fossa abnormalities: case report

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Dermoid cysts are well-defined cysts containing sebaceous glands and dermal structures. In the literature, dermoid cysts and associated closure defects have been described in the same locations. CASE REPORT: In this case, a dermoid cyst was found at the base of the mouth with a coexisting closure defect in the occipital calvarium. Additional abnormalities were also observed, including posterior myeloschisis, right cerebellar dysgenesis, vermian hypogenesis and posterior fusion of the second and third vertebrae. The finding of a dermoid cyst located at the base of the mouth is discussed here, with additional imaging findings. CONCLUSION: Dermoid cysts in the head and neck region may be accompanied by posterior fossa abnormalities.

背景概述：皮样囊肿（dermoid cyst）是一类边界清晰的囊肿，内含皮脂腺与皮肤结构。现有文献报道显示，皮样囊肿与其伴发的闭合缺陷可发生于同一解剖部位。病例报告：本例患者于口腔基底部检出皮样囊肿，同时伴发枕骨颅盖闭合缺陷。此外还观察到多项额外异常，包括后部脊髓裂、右侧小脑发育不全、小脑蚓部发育不良，以及第二、第三椎体后方融合。本文就口腔基底部皮样囊肿的检出情况展开讨论，并附带相关影像学表现。结论：头颈部区域的皮样囊肿可能伴随后颅窝异常。