Quarterly Labour Force Survey, April - June, 2020

<p><strong>Background</strong><br>The <em>Labour Force Survey</em> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. It is used to inform social, economic and employment policy. The Annual Population Survey, also held at the UK Data Archive, is derived from the LFS.</p><p>The LFS was first conducted biennially from 1973-1983, then annually between 1984 and 1991, comprising a quarterly survey conducted throughout the year and a 'boost' survey in the spring quarter. From 1992 it moved to a quarterly cycle with a sample size approximately equivalent to that of the previous annual data. Northern Ireland was also included in the survey from December 1994. Further information on the background to the QLFS may be found in the documentation.</p><p>The UK Data Service also holds a Secure Access version of the QLFS (see below); household datasets; two-quarter and five-quarter longitudinal datasets; LFS datasets compiled for Eurostat; and some additional annual Northern Ireland datasets.<br><br><strong>LFS Documentation</strong><br>The documentation available from the Archive to accompany LFS datasets largely consists of the latest version of each user guide volume alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned (the latest questionnaire available covers July-September 2022). Volumes are updated periodically, so users are advised to check the latest documents on the ONS <a title="Labour Force Survey - User Guidance" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyuserguidance">Labour Force Survey - User Guidance</a> pages before commencing analysis. <strong>This is especially important for users of older QLFS studies, where information and guidance in the user guide documents may have changed over time.</strong></p><p><strong>LFS response to COVID-19</strong></p><p>From April 2020 to May 2022, additional non-calendar quarter LFS microdata were made available to cover the pandemic period. The first additional microdata to be released covered February to April 2020 and the final non-calendar dataset covered March-May 2022. Publication then returned to calendar quarters only. Within the additional non-calendar COVID-19 quarters, pseudonymised variables Casenop and Hserialp may contain a significant number of missing cases (set as -9). These variables may not be available in full for the additional COVID-19 datasets until the next standard calendar quarter is produced. The income weight variable, PIWT, is not available in the non-calendar quarters, although the person weight (PWT) is included. Please consult the documentation for full details.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data files</span></p><p>The ONS has identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. Further information can be found in the ONS article published on 11 July 2023: <a title="Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/revisionofmiscodedoccupationaldataintheonslabourforcesurveyuk/january2021toseptember2022">Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022</a>.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2024 Reweighting</span></p><p></p><p>In February 2024, reweighted person-level data from July-September 2022 onwards were released. Up to July-September 2023, only the person weight was updated (PWT23); the income weight remains at 2022 (PIWT22). The 2023 income weight (PIWT23) was included from the October-December 2023 quarter. Users are encouraged to read the ONS methodological note of 5 February, <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/impactofreweightingonlabourforcesurveykeyindicators/2024">Impact of reweighting on Labour Force Survey key indicators: 2024</a>, which includes important information on the 2024 reweighting exercise.</p><p><strong>End User Licence and Secure Access QLFS data</strong></p><p>Two versions of the QLFS are available from UKDS. One is available under the standard End User Licence (EUL) agreement, and the other is a Secure Access version. The EUL version includes country and Government Office Region geography, 3-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) and 3-digit industry group for main, second and last job (from July-September 2015, 4-digit industry class is available for main job only).<br><br>The Secure Access version contains more detailed variables relating to:</p><ul><li>age: single year of age, year and month of birth, age completed full-time education and age obtained highest qualification, age of oldest dependent child and age of youngest dependent child</li><li>family unit and household: including a number of variables concerning the number of dependent children in the family according to their ages, relationship to head of household and relationship to head of family</li><li>nationality and country of origin</li><li>finer detail geography: including county, unitary/local authority, place of work, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2 (NUTS2) and NUTS3 regions, and whether lives and works in same local authority district, and other categories;</li><li>health: including main health problem, and current and past health problems</li><li>education and apprenticeship: including numbers and subjects of various qualifications and variables concerning apprenticeships</li><li>industry: including industry, industry class and industry group for main, second and last job, and industry made redundant from</li><li>occupation: including 5-digit industry subclass and 4-digit SOC for main, second and last job and job made redundant from</li><li>system variables: including week number when interview took place and number of households at address</li><li>other additional detailed variables may also be included.</li></ul><p></p><p>The Secure Access datasets (SNs 6727 and 7674) have more restrictive access conditions than those made available under the standard EUL. Prospective users will need to gain ONS Accredited Researcher status, complete an extra application form and demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the additional variables. Users are strongly advised to first obtain the standard EUL version of the data to see if they are sufficient for their research requirements.</p><p></p><ul></ul> <p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Latest edition information</span></p><p>For the seventh edition (January 2025), the 2022 person weight (PWT22) was replaced with the 2024 person weight (PWT24). Only the person weight has been replaced with a 2024 version; the 2022 income weight (PIWT22) remains.</p>

<p><strong>背景</strong><br>《劳动力调查》（Labour Force Survey，LFS）是一份独特的信息来源，采用国际通用的就业、失业及经济不活跃定义，涵盖职业、培训、工作时长及16岁及以上家庭成员个人特征等广泛相关主题。它被用于为社会、经济及就业政策提供信息支持。同样由英国数据档案馆（UK Data Archive）持有得年度人口调查（Annual Population Survey）即源自LFS。</p><p>LFS于1973年至1983年首次每两年开展一次，1984年至1991年改为每年一次，包括全年季度调查及春季季度的“强化”调查。1992年起转为季度周期，样本量大致相当于此前年度数据规模。1994年12月起，北爱尔兰也纳入调查范围。有关季度劳动力调查（QLFS）背景的更多信息可查阅文档。</p><p>英国数据服务（UK Data Service）还持有QLFS的安全访问版本（见下文）、家庭数据集、两季度及五季度纵向数据集、为欧盟统计局（Eurostat）编制的LFS数据集，以及部分额外的北爱尔兰年度数据集。<br><br><strong>LFS文档</strong><br>档案馆提供的LFS数据集配套文档主要包括各用户指南卷册的最新版本及对应年份的问卷（最新问卷涵盖2022年7-9月）。卷册会定期更新，因此建议用户在开始分析前查阅英国国家统计局（ONS）《劳动力调查——用户指南》页面的最新文档。<strong>这对旧QLFS研究的用户尤为重要，因为用户指南文档中的信息和指导可能随时间变化。</strong></p><p><strong>LFS对COVID-19的响应</strong></p><p>2020年4月至2022年5月期间，提供了额外的非日历季度LFS微观数据以覆盖疫情时期。首批发布的额外微观数据涵盖2020年2-4月，最后一个非日历数据集涵盖2022年3-5月。此后发布恢复为仅日历季度。在额外的非日历COVID-19季度中，伪匿名变量Casenop和Hserialp可能包含大量缺失值（设为-9）。这些变量在额外COVID-19数据集中可能无法完整获取，直至下一个标准日历季度生成。收入权重变量PIWT在非日历季度中不可用，但包含个人权重（PWT）。详情请查阅文档。</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2021及2022年数据文件的职业数据</span></p><p>ONS已发现其多项调查中2021及2022年数据文件的部分职业数据收集存在问题。尽管他们估计总体影响较小，但这将影响部分详细（四位标准职业分类（Standard Occupational Classification，SOC））职业的细分准确性及衍生数据。更多信息可查阅ONS于2023年7月11日发布的文章：<a title="英国ONS劳动力调查中编码错误职业数据的修订：2021年1月至2022年9月" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/revisionofmiscodedoccupationaldataintheonslabourforcesurveyuk/january2021toseptember2022">英国ONS劳动力调查中编码错误职业数据的修订：2021年1月至2022年9月</a>。</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2024年重新加权</span></p><p></p><p>2024年2月，发布了2022年7-9月及以后的重新加权个人层面数据。截至2023年7-9月，仅更新了个人权重（PWT23）；收入权重仍为2022年版本（PIWT22）。2023年收入权重（PIWT23）从2023年10-12月季度起纳入。建议用户阅读ONS 2024年2月5日发布的方法说明：<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/impactofreweightingonlabourforcesurveykeyindicators/2024">重新加权对劳动力调查关键指标的影响：2024</a>，其中包含2024年重新加权工作的重要信息。</p><p><strong>终端用户许可与安全访问QLFS数据</strong></p><p>UKDS提供两种版本的QLFS：一种基于标准终端用户许可（End User Licence，EUL）协议获取，另一种为安全访问版本。EUL版本包含国家及政府办公区域地理信息、三位标准职业分类（SOC）及主要、次要和上一份工作的三位行业分组（2015年7-9月起，仅主要工作提供四位行业类别）。<br><br>安全访问版本包含更详细的变量，涉及：</p><ul><li>年龄：单年龄组、出生年月、完成全日制教育的年龄、获得最高学历的年龄、最大及最小受抚养子女的年龄</li><li>家庭单元及住户：包括多个关于家庭中受抚养子女数量的变量（按年龄、与户主关系及与家庭户主关系划分）</li><li>国籍及原籍国</li><li>更精细的地理信息：包括郡、单一制/地方当局、工作地点、统计 territorial 单位命名法2（Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2，NUTS2）及NUTS3区域、是否居住与工作在同一地方当局辖区等类别；</li><li>健康：包括主要健康问题、当前及过往健康问题</li><li>教育与学徒制：包括各类资格证书的数量和科目，以及与学徒制相关的变量</li><li>行业：包括主要、次要和上一份工作及被裁员工作的行业、行业类别和行业分组</li><li>职业：包括主要、次要和上一份工作及被裁员工作的五位行业子类别和四位SOC</li><li>系统变量：包括访谈所在周数及地址处的家庭数量</li><li>可能还包含其他额外的详细变量。</li></ul><p></p><p>安全访问数据集（SNs 6727和7674）的访问条件比标准EUL版本更严格。潜在用户需获得ONS认证研究员身份、完成额外申请表，并向数据所有者明确证明其需要访问额外变量的原因。强烈建议用户先获取标准EUL版本数据，确认是否满足其研究需求。</p><p></p><ul></ul> <p><span style="font-weight: bold;">最新版本信息</span></p><p>第七版（2025年1月）中，2022年个人权重（PWT22）被替换为2024年版本（PWT24）。仅个人权重替换为2024年版本；2022年收入权重（PIWT22）保持不变。</p>