Advances in vegetative propagation of Olive tree

Abstract In Brazil, there is a growing interest in the crop of the olive tree, especially in those regions considered suitable for cultivation, where low temperatures occur between 8ºC and 10ºC in the period before flowering. The areas with these characteristics are located mainly in the South and Southeast regions of the country, characterized by a temperate climate in function of altitude, with the occurrence of natural vernalization. The propagation is an integral part of the production chain and the first step towards the implantation of the olive tree crop or renovation of the existing orchards. Obtaining quality seedlings, besides guaranteeing uniformity and reliable varietal origin, is a factor that influences the whole life of the orchard, allowing to maximize the effects of climate and soil and mainly of crop treatments adopted for the culture. In the Laboratory of Propagation of Fruit Plants of the Department of Phytotechnology of the Eliseu Maciel School of Agronomy of the Federal University of Pelotas, we have sought to research micropropagation and minipropagation allied to the clonal gardens kept in a protected place, reducing the physical space and improving, mainly, the crop protection control. Olive tree seedlings propagated by different methods of asexual propagation, such as micropropagation, microcutting and minicutting, and they have their completion until the complete development in no-soil cultivation systems.

摘要：在巴西，橄榄树种植的关注度与日俱增，尤其集中在被认定为适宜种植的区域——这类区域在开花前会出现8℃至10℃的低温环境。具备此类气候特征的区域主要分布于巴西南部与东南部地区，这类区域因海拔因素形成温带气候，且存在天然春化作用（vernalization）。育苗繁殖是橄榄树产业链的核心组成部分，也是开展橄榄树新建种植或现有果园更新的首要环节。培育优质种苗不仅能够保障苗木的一致性与可靠的品种来源，更是影响果园全生命周期的关键因素，可最大化发挥气候、土壤以及主要栽培管理措施的综合效益。本研究依托佩洛塔斯联邦大学伊利塞乌·马西埃尔农艺学院植物技术系果树繁殖实验室，旨在开展与防护设施内无性系采穗圃相结合的微繁殖与迷你繁殖技术研究，以此缩减占地空间，且主要优化作物病虫害防控效果。通过微繁殖、微扦插、迷你扦插等多种无性繁殖手段培育的橄榄树苗，均可在无土栽培体系中完成全周期培育直至完全发育成熟。