THE PEDAGOGICAL AND SCHOLASTIC PRESS IN ITALY BETWEEN EIGHT AND NINE HUNDRED

ABSTRACT The essay takes place on two levels. The first part illustrates the historiographical changes that have affected Italy in the last decades. As has happened in other parts of Europe, new fields of research have opened up, interested in exploring not only the "ideal school", but also and above all the "daily school". In the second part he reports the results of a research conducted between 1987 and 1997 aimed at bringing to light 1273 school newspapers published in Italy between 1820 (date of publication of the first publication found) and 1943, the year of the fall of fascism. The research shows how it is possible, through the examination of school newspapers, to proceed with the reconstruction of Italian history through different points of view: that of the strategies put in place by the ruling classes and the State (the "high school" culture) and the reflection of the magisterial class (the school culture of everyday life) carried out on several levels, scholastic and pedagogical, practical-didactic, professional, literary (in relation especially to childhood readings), editorial, economic.

摘要 本研究从两个层面展开论述。第一部分阐述近数十年来影响意大利的史学变迁。与欧洲其他地区的情况一致，学界开辟了全新的研究领域，不仅聚焦于“理想型学校”，更着重探索“日常学校”。第二部分报告了1987年至1997年间开展的一项研究成果，该研究旨在挖掘1820年（迄今发现的首份意大利校报的出版年份）至1943年（法西斯政权倒台之年）间意大利出版的1273份校报。研究表明，通过对校报的文本检视，可以从多元视角推进意大利历史的重构：既涵盖统治阶级与国家推行的策略所体现的“高端学校文化”，也包含教师阶层（即日常学校文化）在多个维度展开的思考，具体包括学术与教育、实践教学、职业、文学（尤其涉及儿童读物）、编辑出版与经济等层面。