A Comprehensive Precipitation Data Set for Global Land Areas (TR-051)

An expanded and updated compilation of long-term station precipitation data, together with a new set of gridded monthly mean fields for global land areas, are described. The present data set contains 5328 station records of monthly total precipitation, covering the period from the mid-1800s to the late 1980s. The station data were individually tested and visually inspected for the presence of spurious trends, jumps, and other measurement biases. The quality control procedure which was used to check the station records for nonclimatic discontinuities and other biases is detailed. We also discuss some of the problems which typically contribute to potential inhomogeneities in precipitation records. The station data were interpolated onto a 4° latitude by 5° longitude uniform grid. Comparisons of these data with two other global-scale precipitation climatologies are presented. We find good agreement among the three global-scale climatologies over the common areas in each set. Three different indices of long-term precipitation variations over the global land areas all indicate a general increase of annual precipitation since the 1940s, although a decline is evident over the last decade. There is some indication that the last few decades of the 19th century may have been as wet as the recent ones. An interesting feature of this study is the presence of relatively large differences in seasonal trends, with March-May and September-November becoming wetter in the last few decades. The December-February and June-August seasons exhibit smaller overall trends, although the northern winter season does exhibit large decadal-scale fluctuations. For access to the data files, click this link to the CDIAC data transition website: http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ndps/tr051.html This dataset was transferred from the CDIAC Archive and published on ESS-DIVE in 2018 under the project title "Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (USA); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)". In 2023, the project title was updated to "Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)" to enable consistent management of all datasets previously hosted by the CDIAC Archive that are now published on ESS-DIVE.

本数据集介绍了一套经过扩充与更新的长期台站降水数据汇编，以及一套全新的全球陆地区域网格化月平均场数据集。本数据集包含5328条月总降水台站记录，时间跨度为19世纪中期至20世纪80年代末。所有台站数据均经过单独检验与目视检查，以排查虚假趋势、跳变及其他观测偏差。本文详细阐述了用于检验台站记录中非气候间断及其他偏差的质量控制流程。此外，本文还讨论了通常会导致降水记录潜在非均一性的各类问题。台站数据被插值到纬度4°、经度5°的均匀格网之上。本文将本数据集与另外两套全球尺度降水气候数据集进行了对比，发现三套全球尺度气候数据集在重叠覆盖区域内的结果具有良好一致性。全球陆地区域的三类长期降水变化指数均显示，自20世纪40年代以来年降水量总体呈上升趋势，尽管在该时段的最后十年降水出现了明显下降。有迹象表明，19世纪末的数十年间降水湿润程度可与20世纪中后期的近期水平相媲美。本研究的一个有趣发现是，不同季节的降水趋势存在显著差异：3月至5月、9月至11月在近数十年间降水显著增多；12月至2月与6月至8月的整体趋势相对平缓，但北半球冬季却呈现出明显的年代际波动。如需获取数据文件，请点击以下链接跳转至CDIAC数据迁移网站：http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ndps/tr051.html。本数据集由二氧化碳信息分析中心（Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center，CDIAC）档案库迁移而来，并于2018年在ESS-DIVE平台发布，原项目名称为："Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (USA); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)"。2023年，为实现对原CDIAC档案库中所有现已迁移至ESS-DIVE平台发布的数据集的统一管理，项目名称更新为："Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)"。