European Alliances & Alignments (1528-1648) V1.0

The datasets identify a list of key actors in the European sphere from 1528 to 1648 and introduce two ways of tracking diplomatic shifts in this era. The Formal Military Alliances and Political Settlements dataset (FMAPS) lists all formal treaties and agreements reached between major actors in the European sphere that codified a form of alliance among them--and for which a start and end year could be identified. The Alignments During Armed Conflicts dataset (ADACS) lists parties’ alignments during the period’s major armed conflicts. Both datasets were compiled through review of available literature about diplomatic ententes and armed conflicts throughout the period from 1528 to 1648. The ADACS and FMAPS datasets are presented in both a 'raw' format that lists each instance of an alliance or alignment, and a 'dyads' format that lists each instance of an alliance or alignment between two parties for each year during which it was active.

本数据集梳理了1528年至1648年欧洲范围内的核心行为体清单，并介绍了两种追踪该时期外交动态变迁的方法。正式军事同盟与政治协定数据集（Formal Military Alliances and Political Settlements, FMAPS）收录了该时段欧洲主要行为体间缔结的所有正式条约与协定——这类条约与协定均明确规范了缔约方之间的同盟关系，且可确定其生效起止年份。武装冲突期间结盟立场数据集（Alignments During Armed Conflicts, ADACS）则收录了该时期重大武装冲突中各参与方的结盟立场情况。上述两套数据集均通过梳理1528年至1648年期间有关外交协约与武装冲突的现有文献汇编而成。ADACS与FMAPS数据集均采用两种格式呈现：其一为「原始格式」，逐条记录每一次同盟缔结或结盟立场事件；其二为「二元组格式」，按年份逐条列出每一组双边缔约方在其同盟或结盟关系存续期间的双边关系实例。