The Inner Mongolian population groups of cattle and domestic Bactrian camel were distributed in Inner Xilin Gol League, China, and belonged to the Mongolian breed and Sonit Bactrian camel breed, respectively. The Mongolian population groups of wild B

Bactrian camels may have a unique gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome because of their distinctive digestive systems, unique eating habits and extreme living conditions. However, understanding of the microbial communities in the Bactrian camel GI tract is still limited. In this study, microbial communities were investigated by comparative analyses of 16S rRNA hypervariable region V4 sequences of fecal bacteria sampled from 94 animals in four population groups: Inner Mongolian cattle (IMG-cattle), Inner Mongolian domestic Bactrian camels (IMG-DBC), Mongolian domestic Bactrian camels (MG-DBC), and Mongolian wild Bactrian camels (MG-WBC).

双峰驼（Bactrian camels）因其独特的消化系统、特殊的进食习性与极端的生存环境，可能拥有独特的胃肠道（gastrointestinal, GI）微生物组。然而，目前学界对双峰驼胃肠道内的微生物群落的认知仍较为有限。本研究通过对4个种群共计94头动物的粪便细菌的16S rRNA高变区V4序列进行比较分析，对其微生物群落展开了探究。所涉4个种群分别为：内蒙古牛（IMG-cattle）、内蒙古家养双峰驼（IMG-DBC）、蒙古家养双峰驼（MG-DBC）以及蒙古野生双峰驼（MG-WBC）。