Glycine max Genome sequencing

Gene structural variation (SV) has recently emerged as a key genetic mechanism underlying several important phenotypic traits in crop species. We screened a panel of 41 soybean (Glycine max) accessions serving as parents in a soybean nested association mapping population for deletions and duplications in over 53,000 gene models. Array hybridization and whole genome resequencing methods were used as complementary technologies to identify SV in 1,528 genes, or approximately 2.8% of the soybean gene models. Though SV occurs throughout the genome, SV enrichment was noted in families of biotic defense response genes. Among accessions, SV was nearly eight-fold less frequent for gene models that have retained paralogs since the last whole genome duplication event, compared to genes that have not retained paralogs. Increases in gene copy number, similar to that described at the Rhg1 resistance locus, account for approximately one-fourth of the genic SV events. This assessment of soybean SV occurrence presents a target list of genes potentially responsible for rapidly evolving and/or adaptive traits

基因结构变异（Structural Variation，SV）近年来已成为作物物种中若干重要表型性状背后的关键遗传机制。本研究针对作为大豆嵌套关联作图群体亲本的41份大豆（Glycine max）种质资源，对超过53000个基因模型中的缺失与重复变异进行了筛选。研究采用芯片杂交与全基因组重测序两种互补技术，共鉴定出1528个存在结构变异的基因，约占大豆基因模型总数的2.8%。尽管结构变异在全基因组范围内均有分布，但在生物防御响应基因家族中存在显著富集现象。相较于未保留旁系同源基因的基因模型，自末次全基因组复制事件以来仍保留旁系同源基因的模型，其结构变异发生频率仅为前者的约八分之一。与Rhg1抗性位点所报道的情形类似，基因拷贝数增加类变异约占基因层面结构变异事件的四分之一。本研究对大豆结构变异发生情况的评估，为筛选参与快速演化和/或适应性性状的候选基因提供了靶标列表。