Data Sheet 1_Exposure to specific polyfluoroalkyl chemicals is associated with cardiovascular disease in US adults: a population-based study.docx

BackgroundPolyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) present potential health risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. However, there is currently insufficient evidence regarding their impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Consequently, it is imperative to investigate the correlation between PFCs and CVD.
MethodsThe data was collected from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2005–2012. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between single PFC and CVD. Generalized additive model (GAM) was used for evaluating nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore interaction effects. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) models were used to evaluate the joint effect of PFC exposures on CVD.
ResultsIn logistic regression, PFDE, MPAH, and PFUA were positively associated with CVD. In the GAM, there was a significant nonlinear relationship between MPAH and CVD. Subgroup analysis revealed the interaction of gender and race in the effects of PFCs and CVD. PFUA was positively correlated with CVD in males but show no significant difference in females. PFDE was positively associated with CVD among non-Hispanic white individual. The results of BKMR indicated that the impact of mixed PFCs on CVD increased initially and then weakened, showing an overall positive trend. The results of WQS suggested that PFDO contributed most to the effect.
ConclusionOur study showed that serum PFDE, MPAH, and PFUA levels were positively correlated with CVD. PUFA was found to interact with gender and race in relation to CVD. A general positive correlation exists between mixed exposure to PFCs and CVD, with PFDO being the most contributory PFC. Our study provided important evidence for probing the impact of PFCs on CVD and laid a foundation for further mechanism research.

研究背景：多氟烷基化学品（Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals, PFCs）因具备持久性与生物累积性，具有潜在健康风险。但目前针对其对心血管疾病（Cardiovascular Disease, CVD）的影响，相关研究证据仍较为匮乏，因此亟需探究PFCs与CVD之间的关联。
研究方法：本研究数据来源于2005-2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查。采用逻辑回归模型评估单一PFC暴露与CVD的关联；运用广义相加模型（Generalized Additive Model, GAM）分析二者间的非线性关联；通过亚组分析探讨交互效应；并采用贝叶斯核机器回归（Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression, BKMR）与加权分位数和（Weighted Quantile Sum, WQS）模型，评估多PFC联合暴露对CVD的联合效应。
研究结果：逻辑回归分析结果显示，PFDE、MPAH与PFUA均与CVD呈正相关；广义相加模型分析表明，MPAH与CVD之间存在显著非线性关联。亚组分析揭示了性别与种族在PFCs影响CVD的过程中存在交互效应：PFUA在男性群体中与CVD呈正相关，但在女性群体中未观察到显著关联；PFDE在非西班牙裔白人群体中与CVD呈正相关。BKMR结果显示，多PFC联合暴露对CVD的影响先升高后降低，整体呈现正向趋势；WQS结果则表明，PFDO对该效应的贡献度最高。
研究结论：本研究发现，血清PFDE、MPAH与PFUA水平与CVD呈正相关；PUFA与性别、种族在CVD的关联中存在交互效应。多PFC联合暴露与CVD整体呈正相关，其中PFDO的贡献度最高。本研究为探究PFCs对CVD的影响提供了重要科学证据，也为后续机制研究奠定了基础。