Data_Sheet_1_The Complex Dynamics of Resources and Maintaining Factors in Social Networks for Alcohol-Use Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.pdf

Systemic therapy considers the complex dynamics of relational factors and resources contributing to psychological symptoms. Negative maintaining factors have been well researched for people suffering from Alcohol-use Disorders (AUD). However, we know little about the complex dynamics of these negative factors and resources. We interviewed fifty-five participants suffering or fully remitted from Alcohol-use disorders in this cross-sectional study (M = 52 years; 33% female). The interviews focused on relational factors (e.g., social support and social negativity) referring to a Support Social Network and a Craving Social Network (CSN). The CSN included all significant others who were associated with craving situations. We compared the network characteristics of the group suffering from Alcohol-use Disorders (n = 38) to a fully remitted control group (n = 17). The abstinent group with full remission named on average fewer individuals in the CSNs. They had lower social negativity mean scores in the Support Social Network compared to the non-remitted group (d = 0.74). In the CSN, the mean scores of social support were significantly higher than the median for both groups (d = 2.50). These findings reveal the complex interplay of relational patterns contributing to the etiology, maintenance, and recovery from Alcohol-use disorders. A successful recovery can be linked to increased social resources and reduced relations associated with craving. However, craving-associated relations represent an important source of social support. Future research should investigate this ambivalence for the systemic perspective on the explanation and treatment of Alcohol-use disorders.

系统式治疗聚焦于与心理症状形成相关的关系性因素与资源的复杂动态机制。针对酒精使用障碍（Alcohol-use Disorders, AUD）患者的负性维持因素已有较为充分的研究，但学界对这类负性因素与资源的复杂动态机制仍知之甚少。本横断面研究共访谈了55名酒精使用障碍患者或已完全康复的参与者（平均年龄52岁；女性占比33%），访谈内容聚焦于两类社会网络所涉及的关系性因素（如社会支持与社交负性评价）：支持性社会网络与渴求相关社会网络（Craving Social Network, CSN）。渴求相关社会网络涵盖所有与渴求触发情境相关的重要他人。本研究将酒精使用障碍患者组（n=38）与完全康复对照组（n=17）的网络特征进行了对比。结果显示，完全戒断的康复组在渴求相关社会网络中提及的平均个体数量更少；与未康复组相比，康复组在支持性社会网络中的社交负性评价平均得分更低（d=0.74）。在渴求相关社会网络中，两组的社会支持平均得分均显著高于各自的中位数（d=2.50）。上述研究结果揭示了参与酒精使用障碍发病、维持与康复过程的关系模式之间的复杂交互作用：成功康复可与社会资源的增加及与渴求相关的社交关系减少相关联，但与渴求相关的社交关系同时也是社会支持的重要来源。未来研究应从系统式治疗视角出发，探究这种矛盾性，以更好地解释并治疗酒精使用障碍。