Case-control study on factors associated with crown fractures in the primary dentition

The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors associated with dental trauma in preschool children. This case-control study was nested in a population-based cross-sectional study involving a random sample of 301 children one to five years of age in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. The case group was made up of children with at least one fractured deciduous tooth, and the control group was made up of children with no deciduous tooth fracture. The two groups were matched for age in a proportion of one control for every case. The dependent variable was “dental trauma,” diagnosed according to the criteria proposed by Andreasen and Andreasen. The independent variables were overjet, measured and considered accentuated when surpassing 3 mm, and lip coverage, classified as adequate or inadequate. Clinical oral examinations were performed by calibrated dentists. The parents provided information on the socioeconomic indicators. Statistical analysis involved the McNemar test and logistic regression. Each group (case and control) was composed of 92 children. In the bivariate analysis, traumatic dental injury (TDI) was associated with overjet > 3 mm (p = 0.001), inadequate lip coverage (p

本研究旨在明确学龄前儿童牙外伤（dental trauma）的相关影响因素。本病例对照研究嵌套于一项基于人群的横断面研究，该研究纳入了巴西迪亚曼蒂纳市301名1至5岁儿童的随机样本。病例组纳入至少存在1颗乳牙（deciduous tooth）折裂的儿童，对照组纳入无乳牙折裂的儿童。两组按照1:1的比例进行年龄匹配。本研究的因变量为"牙外伤"，依据Andreasen与Andreasen提出的诊断标准进行判定。自变量为覆盖度（overjet）：测量后若超过3mm则判定为过度覆盖；以及唇覆盖情况，分为充足与不足两类。经校准的口腔科医师完成了临床口腔检查，患儿家长提供了社会经济相关指标的信息。统计分析采用了麦克尼马尔检验（McNemar test）与逻辑回归（logistic regression）。病例组与对照组各包含92名儿童。在双变量分析中，牙外伤（traumatic dental injury, TDI）与覆盖度>3mm（p = 0.001）、唇覆盖不足存在关联（p