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This is a coordinated HST+XMM-Newton program to address the conditions that affect habitability on Earth-like planets around Sun-like stars. Both wavelength regimes openParfar-UV with HST comma X-rays with XMMclosePar are needed to constrain models sufficiently to represent realistic conditions. An approved TESS program for our targets will provide additional information on surface inhomogeneities openParspotsclosePar and their sizes and locations so that that can be taken into account as well. The FUV and X-ray fluxes from young stars are erosive of a planet.s atmosphere comma particularly for hydrogen comma but also for oxygen and nitrogen comma both chemically important elements.

本项目为协调开展的哈勃空间望远镜（Hubble Space Telescope, HST）与XMM-牛顿望远镜（XMM-Newton）联合观测计划，旨在探究类太阳恒星周围类地行星的宜居性影响因素。仅结合哈勃空间望远镜获取的远紫外波段数据，与XMM-牛顿望远镜获取的X射线波段数据，方能足够约束模型参数，以还原真实的行星宜居环境条件。针对本项目观测目标的凌日系外行星巡天卫星（Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, TESS）获批观测计划，将提供恒星表面不均匀结构（即恒星黑子）的相关信息，包括其尺寸与位置，以便在建模过程中纳入这些因素。年轻恒星辐射的远紫外（Far Ultraviolet, FUV）与X射线通量会侵蚀行星大气层，其侵蚀作用尤其针对氢元素，同时也会波及氧与氮这两种化学性质至关重要的元素。