Psychosocial Care Centers - alcohol and drugs: users’ profile

ABSTRACT The study aimed to describe the profile of users being treated in the Psychosocial Care Centers - alcohol and drugs (CAPSad) of the Triângulo Mineiro region of Minas Gerais. A cross-sectional study, with sample of 369 users into treatment. An instrument was used containing sociodemographic variables and about care in CAPSad; about psychoactive substances used throughout life and in the last month; age of initial use of psychoactive substances; hospitalization and medication resulting from the use; time and modality of treatment. Descriptive statistical analysis and Student’s t-tests, non-parametric Mann-Whitney, parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA-F), and Dunn’s multiple comparisons were performed. There was a higher percentage of men (80.5%), age between 41 and 60 years (45.8%), without partner (55.2%), incomplete elementary school (38.4%), unemployed (34.7%) and in treatment between 1 and 5 years (62.9%). Alcohol was the most used substance throughout life (89.7%); and in the last month (77.8%). This study reinforces the need to rescue autonomy, social reintegration, work with social value, citizenship rights based on specialized and individualized attention. Social support networks, intersectoriality and the articulation of the Psychosocial Attention Networks should be the basis of the transformation so that these issues are concretized in the care practice.

摘要 本研究旨在描述巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州米内罗三角（Triângulo Mineiro）地区酒精与药物成瘾社会心理护理中心（CAPSad）的在治服务对象概况。本研究为横断面研究，纳入369名在治服务对象作为研究样本。研究采用调查工具，涵盖社会人口学变量、CAPSad服务相关情况、终生及近1个月使用的精神活性物质情况、精神活性物质初次使用年龄、物质使用导致的住院与用药情况，以及治疗时长与治疗模式。采用的统计分析方法包括描述性统计分析、学生t检验、非参数曼-惠特尼检验、参数方差分析（ANOVA-F）以及邓恩多重比较检验。研究结果显示，男性占比更高（80.5%），年龄集中在41~60岁区间（45.8%），无伴侣者占55.2%，小学未毕业者占38.4%，失业者占34.7%，接受治疗时长为1~5年者占62.9%。终生使用最频繁的精神活性物质为酒精（89.7%），近1个月使用率亦最高（77.8%）。本研究进一步凸显了依托专业化、个性化服务，助力服务对象重拾自主能力、实现社会再融入、开展有社会价值的工作以及保障公民权利的必要性。社会支持网络、跨部门协作以及社会心理护理网络的统筹联动，应作为服务体系转型的核心基础，以推动上述目标在护理实践中切实落地。