REPRODUCTIVE PHENOLOGICAL STRATEGIES OF Xylopia aromatica (LAM.) MART. (ANNONACEAE) IN CERRADO AREA

ABSTRACT Despite efforts in recent years, data on the phenology of Cerrado species are fragmentary, and even X. aromatica being widely distributed, its phenology is unknown. In this sense, we sought to evaluate their reproductive phenology in a fragment of Cerrado in Rio Verde Municipality and correlate it with climatic variables. 20 individuals were marked to be subject to monthly phenological phases observation: bud, open flower, immature and mature fruit. For the analysis we used the percentage of Fournier, method of presence/absence and Spearman correlation. The emission of buds occurred irregularly and was present in both the wet and in the dry period, not correlating with any of the climatic variables. Flowering occurred distributed throughout the study, negatively correlated only with relative humidity. Fruitification occurred in the dry season and in the transition from dry to rainy season, negatively correlated with rainfall and humidity. The fruits matured in the last months of the dry season and first months of the rainy season, correlating only with moisture. The reproductive cycle of X. aromatica is not strongly influenced by climatic variables and the fact that it is negatively correlated with precipitation and humidity suggests that the species was adapted to optimize pollination and dispersal of fruit.

摘要：尽管近年来已有相关研究投入，塞拉多（Cerrado）物种的物候数据仍较为零散；即便芳香香子木（X. aromatica）分布广泛，其物候特征仍未被探明。为此，本研究旨在对里约韦尔迪市一处塞拉多生境片段中的该物种生殖物候进行评估，并分析其与气候变量的相关性。本研究共标记20个个体，每月对其物候阶段进行观测，涵盖芽期、盛开期、未成熟果期与成熟果期。分析过程中采用了富尼耶（Fournier）百分比法、有无法以及斯皮尔曼（Spearman）相关性分析。结果显示，芽萌发呈现不规则模式，在湿季与干季均有发生，未与任何气候变量呈现显著相关性。开花期分布于整个研究周期内，仅与相对湿度呈显著负相关。坐果发生于干季及干季向湿季过渡的阶段，与降雨量及湿度呈显著负相关。果实成熟期集中于干季末期与湿季初期，仅与湿度呈显著相关。芳香香子木（X. aromatica）的生殖周期并未受到气候变量的强烈影响；其与降水及湿度呈负相关的特征表明，该物种已演化出适应策略以优化授粉及果实传播。