Piezoelectricity from Elastic and Dielectric Measurements on Unpoled Ferroelectrics

A method is described to assess the piezoelectric response of ferroelectric materials from the temperature dependence of the elastic moduli and dielectric constant of unpoled samples. The limits and advantages over the traditional methods on poled samples are discussed. A quantitative check is made by comparing the piezoelectric softening measured below the ferroelectric transition in the Young's modulus of unpoled ceramic BaTiO3, with the appropriate angular average of the single crystal material constants from the literature. The softening effect of porosity has been taken into account by comparing the moduli of samples with different densities.

本文提出一种基于未极化样品的弹性模量与介电常数的温度依赖性，评估铁电材料压电响应的方法。本文还讨论了该方法相较于传统极化样品测试方法的优势与局限性。通过将未极化钛酸钡（BaTiO₃）陶瓷杨氏模量在铁电相变温度以下所测得的压电软化效应，与文献中单晶材料常数的恰当角度平均结果进行对比，完成了定量验证。本研究通过对比不同密度样品的弹性模量，将孔隙率引发的软化效应纳入考量。