Political Regimes of the World Dataset, v.3.0.

This updated version of a global dataset covers the time period 1800-2024, with yearly observations for all countries that have been independent at any point in time since WWII. Within the category of democracies, we first make a distinction between republics and monarchies. Republics are then classified into presidential, semi-presidential, and parliamentary systems. Within the category of monarchies, most systems are parliamentary but a few countries are conferred to the category semi-monarchies. Autocratic countries are classified into the following main categories: absolute monarchy, military rule, party-based rule, personalist rule, and oligarchy. Within the categories party-based rule and oligarchy a number of subcategories are also identified.

本更新版全球数据集的时间覆盖范围为1800年至2024年，收录了二战以来任一时期曾为独立主权国家的所有国家的年度观测数据。在民主政体类别下，我们首先将其区分为共和制与君主制两大类。其中，共和制政体可进一步细分为总统制、半总统制及议会制三种系统；君主制类别中，绝大多数为议会君主制，仅有少数国家被划归为半君主制范畴。专制政体国家则被划分为以下主要类别：绝对君主制、军事专政、政党执政、个人独裁统治及寡头政治。在政党执政与寡头政治两类之下，还分别设有若干子类别。