Serum cytokine (27 plex) assay results.

*p<0.05.
Ten cytokines showed significant up-regulation in patients vs. healthy controls; 5 additional cytokines showed a clear increase in mRCC patients, but due to low sample size and high standard deviations these contrasts did not reach significance. IL-1b, IL-2, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-15 and IL-17 had detectable values in very few of the 16 tested samples and were thus excluded from the analysis and table.

*p<0.05。与健康对照组相比，患者组共10种细胞因子呈现显著上调表达；另有5种细胞因子在转移性肾细胞癌（metastatic renal cell carcinoma, mRCC）患者中表现出明显升高趋势，但受限于样本量较小且标准差偏高，上述组间差异未达到统计学显著性水平。IL-1β、IL-2、IL-5、IL-9、IL-10、IL-15及IL-17在本次检测的16份样本中仅极少数可检测到表达量，因此被排除出本次分析及结果表格。