Spatial and temporal analysis of the coverage for neonatal hearing screening in Brazil (2008-2015)

Abstract This article seeks to establish the coverage of neonatal hearing screening in Brazil between January 2008 and June 2015. It is an ecological study that uses the country, through the Urban Articulation Regions, as a base. To calculate the screening coverage percentage, the Live Births Information System, the Outpatient Information System and the Beneficiaries of the National Supplementary Health Agency Information System were used. An exploratory analysis of maps and spatial statistical analysis was conducted using TerraView 4.2.2 software. The coverage of neonatal hearing screening saw an increase of 9.3% to 37.2% during the study period. In 2008-2009 it was observed that the percentage of coverage ranged from 0% to 79.92%, but most areas received coverage from 0% to 20%, though in 2014-2015 coverage ranged from 0% to 171.77%, and there was a visible increase in the percentage of coverage in the country, mainly in the Southern Region. The screening coverage has increased over time, but is still low with an uneven distribution in the territory, which may be explained by local laws and policies and by the existence of different types of auditory health service in the country.

摘要 本研究旨在明确2008年1月至2015年6月期间巴西新生儿听力筛查的覆盖范围。本研究为生态学研究，以巴西各城市衔接区域（Urban Articulation Regions）作为研究基础。为计算筛查覆盖率，本研究采用了活产信息系统（Live Births Information System）、门诊信息系统（Outpatient Information System）以及国家补充卫生机构信息系统（National Supplementary Health Agency Information System）的数据。研究采用TerraView 4.2.2软件完成了地图探索性分析与空间统计分析。
研究期内，新生儿听力筛查覆盖率从9.3%提升至37.2%。2008-2009年，筛查覆盖率区间为0%至79.92%，其中多数区域的覆盖率处于0%至20%区间；而2014-2015年，覆盖率区间变为0%至171.77%，全国整体覆盖率呈现显著提升态势，尤以南部地区最为明显。
尽管筛查覆盖率随时间推移有所增长，但整体水平仍较低，且区域分布不均衡，这一现象可归因于各地的法律法规与政策差异，以及国内听觉健康服务类型的多样性。