Multi-year Digital Surface Models (2010–2022) of La Fossa Cone: High-resolution Dataset of the North-Western Sector (Vulcano Island, Italy)

The Island of Vulcano is the emerging portion of a composite volcanic edifice belonging to the Aeolian volcanic archipelago in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. The remobilization of loose volcaniclastic material from La Fossa cone, triggered by heavy rainfall and the subsequent generation of small debris flows, represents a recurrent hazard on the island. Gravitational and erosive processes, mainly driven by rainfall, have formed several gully systems on the slopes of La Fossa. These systems significantly increase both surface runoff and downslope mass wasting. In order to reconstruct the geomorphometric evolution of the gully system in the north-western sector of La Fossa cone from 2010 to 2022, we carried out successive UAS surveys. This area is characterized by a large gully system and acts as the primary source for volcaniclastic debris flows that pose a potential threat to the island’s most populated areas.
We here make available the Multi-temporal Digital Surface Models generated from aerial photographs collected during the 2017, 2019, and 2022 surveys, as well as the LiDAR-derived DEM from 2010.

This multi-year dataset provides a high-resolution topographic record essential for quantifying sediment dynamics and slope reorganization over more than a decade. By offering a detailed view of the morphological changes within the NW gully system, these data serve as a fundamental tool for improving geohazard assessment and land-use planning in the most populated areas of Volcano Island.

武尔卡诺岛是位于第勒尼安海南部的埃奥利火山群岛所属复合火山构造的出露部分。由强降雨触发的拉福萨火山锥松散火山碎屑物质再搬运，以及后续形成的小型碎屑流，是该岛反复出现的灾害类型。以降雨为主要驱动力的重力与侵蚀作用，在拉福萨火山锥的山坡上塑造了多处冲沟系统；这些系统显著加剧了地表径流与斜坡块体搬运作用。为重建2010至2022年拉福萨火山锥西北片区冲沟系统的地貌演化过程，我们开展了连续的无人机系统（Unmanned Aerial System, UAS）测绘工作。该区域以大型冲沟系统为核心特征，同时是火山碎屑流的主要源区，对岛上人口最密集的区域构成潜在威胁。
本研究公开了2017、2019及2022年测绘作业中获取的航空影像生成的多时相数字地表模型（Multi-temporal Digital Surface Model, DSM），以及2010年的激光雷达（Light Detection and Ranging, LiDAR）反演数字高程模型（Digital Elevation Model, DEM）。
该多年期数据集提供了高分辨率地形记录，对量化十余年间的沉积物动力学与斜坡重组过程至关重要。通过展现西北片区冲沟系统内详尽的形态变化特征，这些数据可作为提升武尔卡诺岛人口密集区地质灾害评估与土地利用规划水平的核心工具。