Parkes observations for project P1054 semester 2022APRS_06

With this proposal we ask time to continue our timing follow-up campaign of pulsars discovered with the MeerKAT telescope. Fourteen sources have been discovered in targeted observations of Fermi unidentified point sources, three in the Small Magellanic Cloud, 37 in Globular Clusters and 34 in a survey of the Galactic plane. A large fraction of the new discoveries are recycled pulsars (including at least one double neutron star system and several 'spider' binaries), or young pulsars. Timing observations have an essential role in exploiting the full potential of any pulsar discovery, allowing the precise measurement of rotational, astrometric and orbital parameters which, in turn, give us powerful tools to improve our understanding of the physics in extreme environments as well as of the population of neutron stars as a whole. The UWL receiver of the Parkes telescope is a sensitive, versatile instrument that is allowing us to successfully time these new sources, in the bright-end of TRAPUM discoveries. The UWL has also the unique advantage of allowing detailed studies of the eclipses of the so-called 'spider' pulsars, which make up about 1/3rd of the sources we aim at following-up with this project.

本提案旨在申请观测时间，以继续开展MeerKAT望远镜新发现脉冲星的测时后续观测项目。其中14颗脉冲星发现于费米（Fermi）未识别点源的定向观测中，3颗位于小麦哲伦云（Small Magellanic Cloud），37颗发现于球状星团（Globular Clusters），另有34颗来自银道面（Galactic plane）巡天观测。新发现的脉冲星中，大部分为再生脉冲星（recycled pulsars）——包括至少一个双中子星系统及若干‘蜘蛛’双星（'spider' binaries）——或年轻脉冲星。测时观测对于充分挖掘脉冲星发现的科学潜力至关重要：它能够实现对旋转、天体测量及轨道参数的精确测量，而这些参数反过来又为我们提供了强有力的工具，助力深化对极端环境物理过程及中子星群体整体特性的理解。帕克斯望远镜（Parkes telescope）的超宽带接收器（UWL receiver）是一款高灵敏度且多功能的仪器，能够成功对TRAPUM项目发现中较亮端的这批新源进行测时。此外，UWL还具备独特优势：可对所谓‘蜘蛛’双星的掩食现象开展详细研究——这类双星约占本项目拟后续观测源的三分之一。