Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on porcine pre-pubertal sertoli cells

This dataset contains data from an in vitro experiment described in the
paper: “Mancuso F, Arato I, Di Michele A, Antognelli C, Angelini L,
Bellucci C, Lilli C, Boncompagni S, Fusella A, Bartolini D, Russo C,
Moretti M, Nocchetti M, Gambelunghe A, Muzi G, Baroni T, Giovagnoli S,
Luca G. Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Porcine Prepubertal
Sertoli Cells: An "In Vitro" Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).
2022 Jan 3;12:751915. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.751915. PMID: 35046890;
PMCID: PMC87623342”. The data describes the X-ray diffraction (XRD),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to confirm the correct
synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and the
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis to investigate the
morphological/ultrastructural effects on porcine pre-pubertal Sertoli
cells (SCs), after an acute (24 hours) and chronic (from 1 up to 3 weeks)
exposure, at both sub-toxic (5 µg/ml) and toxic (100 µg/ml) doses of TiO2
NPs. The diffractogram confirmed the correct synthesis of TiO2 NPs in
accordance with the International Centre for Diffraction Data Sample
(JCPDS 00-001-0562) and the asterisk (*) represents the peaks of TiO NPs
in anatase form; SEM analysis showed that the mean size distribution of
TiO2 NPs in dry form was 20 ± 5 nm and confirmed that TiO2 NPs tend to
form aggregates of submicrometric dimensions; Representative TEM images of
unexposed SCs showed elongated oval or spindle-shaped SCs containing quite
large nuclei (N) and abundant mitochondria. SCs did not show substantial
and/or severe ultrastructural alterations in SCs treated with 5 µg/ml TiO2
NPs for 1 and 2 weeks, in all the other exposure conditions (5 µg/ml for 3
weeks and 100 µg/ml for 1, 2, and 3 weeks), SCs showed several
ultrastructural changes with a high percentage of severely damaged SCs,
presenting different features of cell stress such as deeply invaginated
and shrunk nuclei, disorder/ marginalization of chromatin components,
swollen very fragmented, or almost completely missing endoplasmic
reticulum membranes. In addition, mitochondrial morphology was severely
affected and mitochondria number dramatically decreased with the presence
of several large vacuoles, probably as a result of apoptotic mitochondria
and/or enlarged endoplasmic reticulum and/or increased frequency of lipid
droplets. The main results of the experiments are that long time constant
exposure of SCs at both TiO2 NPs concentrations inevitably led to an
altered ultrastructure.

本数据集包含某体外实验的相关数据，该实验已发表于论文：“Mancuso F, Arato I, Di Michele A, Antognelli C, Angelini L, Bellucci C, Lilli C, Boncompagni S, Fusella A, Bartolini D, Russo C, Moretti M, Nocchetti M, Gambelunghe A, Muzi G, Baroni T, Giovagnoli S, Luca G. 二氧化钛纳米颗粒对猪青春期前支持细胞的影响：一项体外研究. 前沿内分泌学（洛桑）（Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)）. 2022 Jan 3;12:751915. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.751915. PMID: 35046890; PMCID: PMC87623342”。

本数据集包含两类分析数据：其一为X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction, XRD）与扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscopy, SEM）分析结果，用于验证二氧化钛纳米颗粒（titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO₂ NPs）的合成正确性；其二为透射电子显微镜（transmission electron microscopy, TEM）分析结果，用于探究猪青春期前支持细胞（porcine prepubertal Sertoli cells, SCs）在亚毒性（5 µg/ml）与毒性（100 µg/ml）剂量的TiO₂ NPs暴露下，经急性（24小时）与慢性（1至3周）暴露后的形态及超微结构变化。

该衍射图谱符合国际衍射数据中心（International Centre for Diffraction Data, ICDD）标准样品JCPDS 00-001-0562，验证了TiO₂ NPs的正确合成；其中星号（*）代表锐钛矿相TiO₂ NPs的特征衍射峰。

扫描电子显微镜分析结果显示，干燥状态下TiO₂ NPs的平均粒径分布为20 ± 5 nm，且该纳米颗粒易形成亚微米级聚集体。

未暴露对照组SCs的代表性透射电镜图像显示，支持细胞呈伸长卵圆形或纺锤形，内含体积较大的细胞核（N）与丰富的线粒体。在5 µg/ml TiO₂ NPs暴露1周和2周的处理组中，SCs未出现显著或严重的超微结构改变；而在其余暴露条件下（5 µg/ml暴露3周，以及100 µg/ml暴露1、2、3周），SCs出现多种超微结构变化，且严重受损细胞占比极高，表现出多种细胞应激特征：细胞核深陷内陷并皱缩、染色质成分紊乱或边缘化、内质网膜肿胀破碎乃至几乎完全缺失。此外，线粒体形态受到严重影响，线粒体数量显著减少，并可见大量大空泡，这可能源于凋亡线粒体、内质网扩张或脂滴出现频率升高。

本实验的核心结果为，在两种TiO₂ NPs浓度下，SCs经长期暴露后，其超微结构均出现不可逆的改变。