Use of psychoactives substances among college students: epidemiological profile, settings and methodological limitations

Abstract Introduction The use of psychoactive substances (PAS) is recognized as a health problem, and can be observed in different populations segments, particularly among university students. This study aimed to analyze the national scientific production on the use of PAS among Brazilian college students. Methods We performed a systematic literature review of articles published between 2008 and 2015. Results Alcohol is the most used PAS, followed by tobacco and marijuana. At first, PASs are used for fun/pleasure, and college environment is appointed as a motivator for their use. Researches on the use of PASs and cognitive enhancement are scarce. Conclusion National researches have limitations to study the reasons and expectations of PASs use beyond recreational use, for example, in seeking a better academic performance.

摘要：精神活性物质（psychoactive substances, PAS）的使用已被公认为公共卫生问题，在各类人群中均有发生，尤以大学生群体最为突出。本研究旨在分析巴西大学生使用精神活性物质相关的国内科研产出情况。方法：我们对2008年至2015年间发表的相关文献开展了系统性文献综述。结果：数据显示，酒精是使用最为普遍的精神活性物质，其次为烟草与大麻。最初，精神活性物质的使用多出于娱乐或享乐需求，而大学环境被认定为促使人们使用此类物质的动因之一。针对精神活性物质使用与认知增强相关的研究仍较为匮乏。结论：国内现有研究在探讨精神活性物质非娱乐性使用的动机与预期方面存在局限，例如为追求更优异的学业成绩而使用此类物质的相关研究。