Metagenome-assembled genomes measured at 3 depths during snowmelt period in East River, CO (March, May, and June, September 2017)

Snowmelt is a critical biogeochemical period that accounts for large nitrogen (N) export events from high-elevation watersheds. Soil microbial populations bloom and immobilize N during snowmelt, yet the population size crashes in spring, which releases a pulse of soil N. We sought to discover the N sources fueling this microbial bloom and determine the fate of N following microbial die-off. Here, focusing on the snowmelt period within a headwater catchment of the Upper Colorado River Basin (East River, CO), we deployed strain-resolved metagenomics to identify the metabolic pathways and processes that mobilize soil N during and after snowmelt. Soil metagenome samples were taken from 6 snowpits from 3 depths (0-5cm, 5-15cm, >15cm) at 4 time points during snowmelt period (March 2017, May 2017, and June 2017, September 2017) generating 48 metagenomes. We reconstructed 474 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) across all metagenomes.All 48 metagenomes were sequenced at JGI and raw data can be found under JGI (Joint Genome Institute) GOLD Study Gs0135149. Metagenome assemblies from IMG under the same study were used for genome binning. This dataset (1) a zip file of 474 MAGs (as fasta files, Gs0135149_bins_tar.gz), (2) sample metadata file with sample IGSNs (International Generic Sample Numbers) (samples.csv), (3) bounding box coordinates for the sampled locations (Gs0135149.kml), (4) metagenome metadata file listing IMG/M (Integrated Microbial Genomes/Metagenomes) metagenome accessions linking samples to metagenomes (metagenomes.csv), (5) location metadata file (locations.csv), (6) file-level metadata file (flmd.csv) and (7) data dictionary (dd.csv) file.This work was supported by the Watershed Function Science Focus Area at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

融雪是一类关键的生物地球化学过程，可引发高海拔流域大规模氮（N）输出事件。融雪期间，土壤微生物种群大量增殖并固持氮素；而春季种群骤减时，会释放出脉冲式的土壤氮素。本研究旨在探明支撑该微生物增殖过程的氮素来源，并解析微生物消亡后氮素的归趋。本研究聚焦科罗拉多河上游流域（美国科罗拉多州伊斯特河）的源头集水区融雪期，采用菌株分辨率宏基因组学技术，识别融雪期间及融雪后驱动土壤氮素活化的代谢通路与过程。本研究在融雪期的4个时间节点（2017年3月、5月、6月、9月），于6个雪坑的3个土层深度（0-5cm、5-15cm、>15cm）采集土壤宏基因组样本，最终获得48个宏基因组数据。基于所有宏基因组数据，共组装得到474个宏基因组组装基因组（metagenome-assembled genomes, MAGs）。全部48个宏基因组均由联合基因组研究所（Joint Genome Institute, JGI）完成测序，原始数据可在JGI的GOLD研究项目Gs0135149中获取。本研究依托同项目下IMG/M（整合微生物基因组/宏基因组数据库，Integrated Microbial Genomes/Metagenomes）的宏基因组组装结果进行基因组分箱。本数据集包含以下内容：(1) 包含474个宏基因组组装基因组的压缩包（fasta格式文件，Gs0135149_bins_tar.gz）；(2) 带有样本IGSN（国际通用样本编号，International Generic Sample Numbers）的样本元数据文件（samples.csv）；(3) 采样点位边界框坐标文件（Gs0135149.kml）；(4) 列出IMG/M宏基因组登录号、用于关联样本与宏基因组的宏基因组元数据文件（metagenomes.csv）；(5) 地理位置元数据文件（locations.csv）；(6) 文件级元数据文件（flmd.csv）；(7) 数据字典文件（dd.csv）。本研究得到美国能源部科学办公室生物与环境研究局下属劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室流域功能科学重点领域项目的资助，项目编号为DE-AC02-05CH11231。