Air pollutants emissions in real conditions of asphalt paving. particulate matter (pm), black carbon (bc) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs)

Intensive use of asphalt generates pollutants into the atmosphere which are harmful to the environment and worrying for occupational health. The application of asphalt products leads to emissions of significant concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulate matter (PM) to the atmosphere. This paper aims to assess the pollutant emissions into the atmosphere in real conditions of asphalt paving through sampling and quantification of PM, Black Carbon (BC) and PAHs in fine particulate fraction and PAHs in gas phase. Concentration intervals of PM1.0, PM2.5, BC1.0 and BC2.5 found during a highway reconstruction in Londrina/PR were respectively 5.6-20.5; 6.3-24.2; 2.0-6.8 and 1.8-6.5 µg m-3. During asphalt surfacing at the same city’s central bus station, the concentration intervals were 15.1-75.1; 19.7-150; 5.1-14.6 and 4.9-16.2 µg m-3 for PM1.0, PM2.5, BC1.0 and BC2.5, respectively. PAHs in the gas and PM fractions were found in both situations with higher concentrations in the gas phase. The results of this work can provide useful information to society in order to improve practices and promote lower environmental impact and health protection.

沥青的大规模使用会向大气排放污染物，此类污染物既对环境造成危害，也对职业健康构成不容忽视的威胁。沥青制品的应用会向大气排放高浓度的多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs）与颗粒物（particulate matter, PM）。本研究旨在通过对细颗粒物组分中的颗粒物、黑碳（Black Carbon, BC）与多环芳烃，以及气相中的多环芳烃进行采样与定量分析，评估沥青摊铺实际工况下向大气排放的污染物水平。在隆德里纳/PR的高速公路重建工程中，测得的PM1.0、PM2.5、BC1.0与BC2.5的浓度区间分别为5.6~20.5、6.3~24.2、2.0~6.8及1.8~6.5 μg·m⁻³。在该市中央汽车站的沥青面层摊铺作业中，PM1.0、PM2.5、BC1.0与BC2.5的浓度区间分别为15.1~75.1、19.7~150、5.1~14.6及4.9~16.2 μg·m⁻³。两种工况下均检出了气相与颗粒物组分中的多环芳烃，且气相中的多环芳烃浓度更高。本研究结果可为社会提供有益参考，助力优化作业流程、降低环境影响并保障职业健康。