Data_Sheet_1_The effects of perspective taking primes on the social tuning of explicit and implicit views toward gender and race.docx

The current research aims to investigate whether perspective taking influences social tuning, or the alignment of one’s self-views, explicit attitudes, and/or implicit attitudes with those of an interaction partner. In six different experiments, participants believed they would interact with a partner to complete a task. Prior to this ostensible interaction, participants were given a perspective taking mindset prime, or not, and information about their ostensible interaction partners views. Participants then completed attitude measures related to the partner’s perceived views. Experiments 1a, 1b, and 2 examined whether perspective taking with an ostensible interaction partner who endorses gender traditional (or non-traditional) views align their self-views with this partner, including implicit self-views (Experiment 2). Experiments 3–5 investigated whether perspective taking leads to social tuning for egalitarian racial attitudes, including when the partner’s expectations of how others will be and when the participant learns their ostensible IAT score at the beginning of the session. We predicted perspective takers would be more likely to social tune their explicit and implicit attitudes to the attitudes of their interaction partner than non-perspective takers. Across all experiments, perspective takers were more likely to social tune their self-views and explicit attitudes than non-perspective takers. However, social tuning never occurred for implicit attitudes. Thus, future research is needed to understand why perspective taking does not influence the tuning of implicit attitudes, but other motivations, like affiliative and epistemic, do.

本研究旨在探讨观点采择（perspective taking）是否会影响社会校准（social tuning）——即个体自我观、外显态度及/或内隐态度与互动伙伴态度的趋同过程。本研究共包含六项实验：所有被试均被告知将与一名伙伴合作完成一项任务。在该名义互动开始前，部分被试会接受观点采择思维启动，其余被试则不接受，同时所有被试均会获取其名义互动伙伴的态度相关信息。随后，被试完成与伙伴感知态度相关的态度测量任务。实验1a、1b与2旨在考察：当名义互动伙伴支持性别传统（或非传统）态度时，观点采择是否会促使被试的自我观（实验2还包含内隐自我观）与该伙伴趋同。实验3至5则探讨：观点采择是否会促使被试在平等主义种族态度层面发生社会校准，其中包括当伙伴持有他人行为预期的情境，以及被试在实验时段初始即可获知其名义内隐联想测验（Implicit Association Test）得分的情境。本研究假设，相较于未进行观点采择的被试，实施观点采择的被试更易将自身外显与内隐态度调整至与其互动伙伴一致的水平。综合所有实验结果来看，实施观点采择的被试确实比未实施者更易实现自我观与外显态度的社会校准，但内隐态度层面始终未出现社会校准现象。因此，未来研究需进一步阐释：为何观点采择无法影响内隐态度的社会校准，而亲和动机与认知动机等其他动机却可发挥此作用。