X-ray diffraction results from IODP Hole 386-M0084E

Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 (Japan Trench Paleoseismology). The offshore phase of this expedition took place between 2021-04-13 and 2021-06-01 onboard Japanese R/V Kaimei from and to Yokosuka, Japan, followed by an onshore phase onboard D/V Chikyu between 2022-02-14 – 2022-03-15. During the onshore phase a set of solid-phase samples, with a volume of approx. 10 cubic centimeters each, were taken with the purpose to be later on split into aliquots for the following three analyses: X-ray diffraction, carbon and X-ray fluorescence. The bulk solid-phase samples were taken from the work halves of core sections at about one sample per meter on average. Unprocessed samples were then shipped to the MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences of the University of Bremen (Germany), where they were freeze-dried, ground and homogenized to a fine powder (<20 µm particle size) by ECORD Science Operator staff using a pestle and an agate mortar. The aliquots for XRD analysis were prepared with the Philips backloading system in the Crystallography and Geomaterials Research laboratories of the Geoscience Department at the University of Bremen (Germany). X-ray diffractograms were measured on a Bruker D8 Discover diffractometer. Mineral identification and semi-quantification were done using the Philips software X'Pert HighScore Version 1.2 (Degen et al., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0885715614000840) and follows concepts of Vogt (2009, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.proc.302.203.2009). Minimum relative errors are given based on Vogt et al., 2002 (https://doi.org/10.1346/000986002760833765). Clay Mineral groups are used as sums of multiple minerals. In many samples there is a bulb below 20-25° 2theta pointing to amorphous SiO2, which can be biogenic (e.g. diatoms etc.) or volcanic glass. The bulb size could implicate about 10-20 wt.% of amorphous SiO2. Exact quantification of this component would require more detailed XRD experiments.For further methodological information see methods chapter in Strasser, M. et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.2023

国际大洋发现计划（IODP）第386航次（日本海沟古地震学）上述钻孔的X射线衍射（XRD）分析结果。该航次的海上阶段于2021年4月13日至2021年6月1日在日本科考船R/V Kaimei上进行，往返于日本横滨；随后的陆上阶段于2022年2月14日至2022年3月15日在D/V Chikyu钻探船上开展。陆上阶段采集了一批固相样品，每个样品体积约10立方厘米，旨在后续分为等分试样，用于以下三项分析：X射线衍射、碳分析及X射线荧光（X-ray fluorescence）分析。bulk固相样品取自岩心剖面的工作半块，平均每米采集一个样品。未经处理的样品随后被运至德国不来梅大学海洋环境科学中心（MARUM），由欧洲大洋研究钻探联盟（ECORD）的科学操作人员使用研杵和玛瑙研钵进行冷冻干燥、研磨和均质化处理，得到粒径小于20微米的细粉末。用于XRD分析的等分试样在德国不来梅大学地球科学系结晶学与地质材料研究实验室中，采用飞利浦背装系统（Philips backloading system）制备。X射线衍射图谱通过布鲁克D8 Discover衍射仪（Bruker D8 Discover diffractometer）测定。矿物鉴定与半定量分析采用飞利浦软件X'Pert HighScore 1.2版本（Degen等，2014，https://doi.org/10.1017/S0885715614000840）进行，并遵循Vogt（2009，https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.proc.302.203.2009）提出的概念。最小相对误差基于Vogt等（2002，https://doi.org/10.1346/000986002760833765）的研究给出。黏土矿物组以多种矿物的总和表示。许多样品在2θ角20-25°以下存在一个峰包，表明存在非晶质二氧化硅（amorphous SiO₂），其来源可能为生物成因（如硅藻等）或火山玻璃。峰包大小暗示非晶质二氧化硅含量约为10-20重量百分比（wt.%）。该组分的精确定量需进行更详细的XRD实验。更多方法学信息请参见Strasser等（2023）的方法章节，https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.2023。