Results from the monitoring of veterinary medicinal product residues and other substances in live animals and animal products - Bulgaria

This dataset contains the monitoring results of veterinary medicinal product residues and other substances measured in live animals and animal products analysed by the national competent authority of Bulgaria. The presence of unauthorised substances, residues of veterinary medicinal products or chemical contaminants in food may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason and in order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU) which defines maximum limits permitted in food and monitoring programmes for the control of the presence of these substances in the food chain. Regulation (EU) No 37/2010 establishes maximum limits for residues of veterinary medicinal products in food-producing animals and animal products. Maximum residue levels for pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin are laid down in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. Commission Regulation (EC) 1881/2006 lays down the maximum limits for the presence of certain contaminants in animal products. Council Directive 96/23/EC lays down measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof, mainly veterinary medicinal products, in live animals and animal products. Additionally, Commission Decision 97/747/EC lays down levels and frequencies of sampling for certain animal products. The dataset contains the results of laboratory tests from samples taken from bovines, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, poultry, rabbits, farmed game, wild game aquaculture, milk, eggs and honey. Targeted samples are taken with the aim of detecting illegal treatment or controlling compliance with the maximum levels laid down in the relevant legislation. This means that, in their national plans Member States target the groups of animals (species, gender, age) where the probability of finding residues is the highest. Suspect samples are taken as a consequence of i) non-compliant results on samples taken in accordance with the monitoring plan, ii) possession or presence of prohibited substances at any point during manufacture, storage, distribution or sale through the food and feed production chain, or iii) suspicion or evidence of illegal treatment or non-compliance with the withdrawal period for an authorised medicinal veterinary product. Residues of pharmacologically active substances mean active substances, excipients or degradation products and their metabolites, which remain in food. Unauthorised substances or products mean substances or products prohibited under European Union legislation. Non-compliant sample is a sample that has been analysed for the presence of one or more substances and failed to comply with the legal provisions for at least one substance. Thus, a sample can be non-compliant for one or more substances. REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION: VMPR_2020 – Central Laboratory for Veterinary Sanitary Expertise and Ecology within the Bulgarian Food Safety Agency VMPR_2019 – Risk Assessment Center on Food Chain VMPR_2018 – Bulgarian Food Safety Agency VMPR_2017 – Bulgarian Food Safety Agency

本数据集包含保加利亚国家主管部门对活体动物及动物产品开展检测所获得的兽药残留与其他物质监测结果。
食品中存在未授权物质、兽药残留或化学污染物，可能对公众健康构成公共卫生风险。为此，为保障消费者权益、构建高水平的食品安全防线，欧盟（EU）建立了完善的法律框架，明确了食品中各类物质的允许最大限量，并制定了管控食物链内此类物质的监测方案。
欧盟（EU）第37/2010号法规确立了食用动物及动物产品中兽药残留的最大限量标准；欧盟（EC）第396/2005号法规规定了动植物源食品及饲料中农药的最大残留限量；欧盟委员会（EC）第1881/2006号法规设定了动物产品中特定污染物的最大允许限值；欧盟理事会第96/23/EC号指令规定了针对活体动物及动物产品中特定物质及其残留（主要为兽药）的监测措施。此外，欧盟委员会第97/747/EC号决定明确了特定动物产品的抽样标准与抽样频率。
本数据集涵盖了从牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、马、家禽、兔、养殖野味、野生野味水产、牛奶、鸡蛋及蜂蜜中采集样本的实验室检测结果。
针对性样本采集旨在检测非法用药行为，或核查是否符合相关法规规定的最大限量标准。这意味着，各成员国在其国家监测计划中，会将采样重点放在最有可能检出残留的动物群体（物种、性别、年龄）上。
可疑样本的采集场景包括：1）按照监测计划采集的样本检测结果不合格；2）在食品及饲料生产链的制造、储存、分销或销售任一环节中发现或持有违禁物质；3）存在非法用药或未遵守授权兽药休药期的嫌疑或证据。
药物活性物质残留是指残留于食品中的活性成分、辅料、降解产物及其代谢产物。未授权物质或产品指欧盟法规明令禁止的物质或产品。不合格样本指针对一种或多种物质开展检测后，至少有一种物质不符合法定要求的样本。因此，一份样本可能因一种或多种物质而被判定为不合格。
各数据采集对应的报送部门如下：
VMPR_2020：保加利亚食品安全局下属兽医卫生专家与生态中心实验室
VMPR_2019：食物链风险评估中心
VMPR_2018：保加利亚食品安全局
VMPR_2017：保加利亚食品安全局