Solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices for severe (SYM-H < -100nT) geomagnetic storms over two solar cycles
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资源简介:
Severe storms data set (1996-2019)
Lotz, Grant, Davel (2022).
This data set is curated from 1-minute time resolution OMNI [4] and INTERMAGNET [7] data, spanning the period 1996 - 2019.
It consists of all geomagnetic storms that reached minimum SYM-H (Symmetric-H index) of < -100 nT. We classified these as "severe" storms. There are 115 such events in the period 1996 - 2018. No severe storms detected between 2007-2010 or in 2019. Each file in the set contains the events in that year (YYYY) in the format "severe_YYYY.pickle". The geomagnetic storms are identified by the procedure described in [1], with thresholds -100 nT and -20 nT (see [1] for further detail).
The data sets are Pandas "dataframes" [2], saved in the Python "pickle" format [3]. Each dataframe contains 23 variables, listed in the table below, with their description and unit.
Fourteen of the parameters are solar wind plasma and magnetic field parameters from the High Resolution OMNI data set [4].
There are 7 geomagnetic variables:
one is the global Sym-H index,
four are H-component geomagnetic observations from Hermanus, South Africa (HER: 34.4 S, 19.22 E) and Abisko, Sweden (ABK: 68.35 N, 18.82 E) and their time derivatives
two are the e_h index [5] calculated at HER and ABK
Finally, we list the time shift applied to each data point to shift to the bow shock nose (described for OMNI at [6]) and a string identifier for each geomagnetic storm.
Variables included in the dataframes.
#
Name
Description
Unit
1
time_shift
Time shift applied to shift solar wind parameters to bow shock
s
2
Bt
Magnitude of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF)
nT
3
Bx
X-component of IMF
nT
4
By_GSE
Y-component of IMF (GSE coordinates)
nT
5
Bz_GSE
Z-component of IMF (GSE coordinates)
nT
6
By_GSM
Y-component of IMF (GSM coordinates)
nT
7
Bz_GSM
Z-component of IMF (GSM coordinates)
nT
8
Vsw
Bulk solar wind speed
km/s
9
Vx
X-component of solar wind
km/s
10
Vy
Y-component of solar wind
km/s
11
Vz
Z-component of solar wind
km/s
12
Np
Proton number density in solar wind plasma
#/cc
13
Temp
Temperature of solar wind plasma
K
14
Pd
Dynamic or flow pressure of solar wind plasma
nPa
15
E_field
Solar wind electric field
mV/km
16
SymH
Symmetric-H index of the geomagnetic field
nT
17
HER_H
H-component of the geomagnetic field at Hermanus
nT
18
HER_dHdt
Time derivative of HER_H
nT/min
19
HER_eh
e_h index at HER
nT/min
20
ABK_H
H-component of the geomagnetic field at Abisko
nT
21
ABK_dHdt
Time derivative of ABK_H
nT/min
22
ABK_eh
e_h index at ABK
nT/min
23
Storm_ID
String identifier of the geomagnetic storm
-
References
Lotz, S. I., & Danskin, D. W. (2017). Space Weather, 15, 1347– 1356. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001662
https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html
https://pandas.pydata.org/
https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html
Wintoft, P., Wik, M., & Viljanen, A. J. Space Weather Space Clim., 5, A7 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2015008
https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/ow_data.html#time_shift
http://www.intermagnet.org
# 强地磁风暴数据集(1996-2019年)
作者:Lotz, Grant, Davel (2022)
本数据集整合了时间分辨率为1分钟的OMNI[4]与INTERMAGNET[7]观测数据,时间跨度为1996年至2019年。
本数据集包含所有SYM-H(对称-H指数,Symmetric-H index)最小值小于-100 nT的地磁风暴,我们将其归类为“强”风暴。在1996-2018年间共记录到115次此类事件。2007-2010年以及2019年未检测到强地磁风暴。数据集中的每个文件对应单一年份(YYYY)的风暴事件,文件命名格式为"severe_YYYY.pickle"。地磁风暴的识别流程参照文献[1],采用了-100 nT与-20 nT两个阈值(详细说明请参见文献[1])。
本数据集采用Python的pickle格式[3]存储,为Pandas数据框(dataframes)[2]。每个数据框包含23个变量,如下表所示,包含变量名称、描述与单位。其中14个参数为源自高分辨率OMNI数据集[4]的太阳风等离子体与磁场参数,剩余7个为地磁相关变量:
1. 全球Sym-H指数;
2. 分别来自南非赫曼努斯(HER: 34.4°S, 19.22°E)与瑞典阿比斯库(ABK: 68.35°N, 18.82°E)的H分量地磁观测数据及其时间导数,共4项;
3. 在HER与ABK站点计算得到的e_h指数[5],共2项。
此外,数据集还包含将太阳风参数修正至弓激波鼻端所需的时间偏移量,以及每条地磁风暴的字符串标识符。
### 数据框包含的变量
| 序号 | 变量名 | 变量描述 | 单位 |
|:----|:-------------|:------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------|
| 1 | time_shift | 将太阳风参数修正至弓激波鼻端所需的时间偏移量 | 秒(s) |
| 2 | Bt | 行星际磁场(IMF)总强度 | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 3 | Bx | 行星际磁场X分量 | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 4 | By_GSE | 行星际磁场Y分量(GSE坐标系) | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 5 | Bz_GSE | 行星际磁场Z分量(GSE坐标系) | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 6 | By_GSM | 行星际磁场Y分量(GSM坐标系) | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 7 | Bz_GSM | 行星际磁场Z分量(GSM坐标系) | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 8 | Vsw | 太阳风整体速度 | 千米每秒(km/s) |
| 9 | Vx | 太阳风X分量速度 | 千米每秒(km/s) |
| 10 | Vy | 太阳风Y分量速度 | 千米每秒(km/s) |
| 11 | Vz | 太阳风Z分量速度 | 千米每秒(km/s) |
| 12 | Np | 太阳风等离子体质子数密度 | 粒子数/立方厘米(#/cc)|
| 13 | Temp | 太阳风等离子体温度 | 开尔文(K) |
| 14 | Pd | 太阳风等离子体动压 | 纳帕斯卡(nPa) |
| 15 | E_field | 太阳风电场 | 毫伏每千米(mV/km) |
| 16 | SymH | 地磁场对称-H指数 | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 17 | HER_H | 赫曼努斯站点地磁场H分量 | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 18 | HER_dHdt | HER_H的时间导数 | 纳特斯拉每分钟(nT/min)|
| 19 | HER_eh | 赫曼努斯站点e_h指数 | 纳特斯拉每分钟(nT/min)|
| 20 | ABK_H | 阿比斯库站点地磁场H分量 | 纳特斯拉(nT) |
| 21 | ABK_dHdt | ABK_H的时间导数 | 纳特斯拉每分钟(nT/min)|
| 22 | ABK_eh | 阿比斯库站点e_h指数 | 纳特斯拉每分钟(nT/min)|
| 23 | Storm_ID | 地磁风暴字符串标识符 | 无(-) |
### 参考文献
[1] Lotz, S. I., & Danskin, D. W. (2017). *Space Weather*, 15, 1347–1356. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001662
[2] OMNI数据集官网:https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html
[3] Pandas官方文档:https://pandas.pydata.org/
[4] Python pickle模块文档:https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html
[5] Wintoft, P., Wik, M., & Viljanen, A. *Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate*, 5, A7 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2015008
[6] OMNI数据集时间偏移说明:https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/ow_data.html#time_shift
[7] INTERMAGNET观测网官网:http://www.intermagnet.org
创建时间:
2022-12-02



