Self-Rated Health Status and Subjective Health Complaints Associated with Health-Promoting Lifestyles among Urban Chinese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether self-rated health status (SRH) and subjective health complaints (SHC) of urban Chinese women are associated with their health-promoting lifestyles (HPL).MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on 8142 eligible Chinese participants between 2012 and 2013. Demographic and SHC data were collected. Each subject completed the SRH questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). Correlation and binary regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of SRH and SHC with HPL.ResultsBoth SRH and HPL of urban Chinese women were moderate. The most common complaints were fatigue (1972, 24.2%), eye discomfort (1571, 19.3%), and insomnia (1542, 18.9%). Teachers, highly educated subjects and elderly women had lower SRH scores, while college students and married women had better HPL. All items of HPLP-II were positively correlated with SRH (r = 0.127-0.533, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated with SHC to a significant extent (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40-11.37).ConclusionsAspects of HPL, particularly stress management and spiritual growth, are associated with higher SRH and lower SHC ratings among urban Chinese women. Physical activity and health responsibility are additionally related to reduced fatigue and nervousness. We believe that these findings will be instrumental in encouraging researchers and urban women to adopt better health-promoting lifestyles with different priorities in their daily lives.

研究目的
本研究旨在探讨中国城市女性的自评健康状况（self-rated health status, SRH）与主观健康主诉（subjective health complaints, SHC）是否与其健康促进生活方式（health-promoting lifestyles, HPL）存在关联。
研究方法
本研究于2012至2013年间针对8142名符合纳入标准的中国参与者开展横断面研究。研究收集了人口统计学资料与主观健康主诉数据，所有受试者均完成了自评健康状况问卷以及健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ（Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II, HPLP-II）中文版。本研究通过相关性分析及二元回归分析，检验自评健康状况、主观健康主诉与健康促进生活方式之间的关联。
研究结果
中国城市女性的自评健康状况与健康促进生活方式均处于中等水平。最常见的主观健康主诉为疲劳（1972例，占比24.2%）、眼部不适（1571例，占比19.3%）与失眠（1542例，占比18.9%）。教师、高学历群体及老年女性的自评健康状况评分更低，而大学生与已婚女性的健康促进生活方式评分更高。健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ的所有维度均与自评健康状况呈显著正相关（相关系数r=0.127~0.533，P=0.000），同时与主观健康主诉呈显著负相关（优势比[OR]=1.40~11.37）。
研究结论
健康促进生活方式的多个维度，尤其是压力管理与精神成长，与中国城市女性更高的自评健康评分及更低的主观健康主诉评分显著相关。体育锻炼与健康责任则可进一步缓解疲劳与焦虑情绪。本研究结果可为研究人员及城市女性结合自身优先级在日常生活中采取更优化的健康促进生活方式提供参考依据。