Table1_Hygienic practices and factors of complementary food preparation among mothers of children aged 6–24 months in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.pdf

Background: A child’s transition to complementary food (CF) feeding is important, and it should be ensured that CF is prepared, stored, and fed in a hygienic manner using clean hands, dishes, and utensils to prevent infections. However, there are no comprehensive review statistics available at the national level. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the hygienic practices of complementary food preparation and its factors among Ethiopian women with children between the ages of 6 and 24 months.
Methods: On the nationwide prevalence of hygienic practices during the preparation of complementary foods and their determinants among mothers of children aged 6–24 months in Ethiopia, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. We searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, African Journal Online (AJOL), Google Scholar, and the websites to identify studies that were published until March 2023. We performed this review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects meta-analysis was done using StatsDirect statistical software and Open Meta Analyst to estimate the prevalence of hygienic practices, and the results were reported in a forest plot. Simple charts and tables were used to summarize the evidence on complementary food preparation and determinates.
Results: Nine studies involving 4,403 mothers were included in this Ethiopian study. The overall prevalence of good hygienic practices during complementary food preparation among mothers who have children aged 6–24 months was 46.53% (95% CI: 28.13–64.94) (p < 0.0001). Having a separate kitchen (AOR = 6.78; 95% CI: 1.04–44.20), having a three-bowl washing facility in their houses (AOR = 10.61; 95% CI: 7.31–15.41), mothers’ access to media (AOR = 4.81; 95% CI: 1.23–18.82), and urban residence (AOR = 4.78; 95% CI: 2.73–8.38) were the predictors of good hygienic practice during complementary food preparation.
Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of hygienic procedures among the mothers of children aged 6–24 months nationwide when preparing complementary foods, there is a significant lack of hygienic behavior among Ethiopian mothers. Hence, the Ethiopian ministries of health focus on designing complementary food guidelines for the prenatal healthcare system. Furthermore, health extension workers are also better advised to maintain food hygiene during prenatal care visits, which is recommended to improve good hygienic practices during complementary food preparation in Ethiopia.

背景：儿童转向辅助食品（Complementary Food, CF）喂养阶段至关重要，需确保辅助食品的制备、储存及喂养过程采用清洁双手、餐具的卫生方式，以预防感染。但目前国内尚无相关的系统性综述统计数据。因此，本研究旨在探究埃塞俄比亚6~24月龄儿童母亲的辅助食品制备卫生行为及其影响因素。
研究方法：针对埃塞俄比亚6~24月龄儿童母亲在辅助食品制备过程中的卫生行为现况及其影响因素，本研究开展了系统评价与元分析。研究检索了PubMed、ScienceDirect、Scopus、非洲期刊在线（African Journal Online, AJOL）、Google Scholar及相关网站，纳入截至2023年3月发表的相关研究。本研究遵循《系统评价和元分析首选报告条目》（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA）指南进行。采用StatsDirect统计软件与Open Meta Analyst开展随机效应元分析，以估算卫生行为现况，结果以森林图呈现。同时通过简易图表汇总辅助食品制备及影响因素相关研究证据。
研究结果：本研究共纳入9项涉及4403名母亲的埃塞俄比亚相关研究。6~24月龄儿童母亲在辅助食品制备过程中具备良好卫生行为的总体现况率为46.53%（95%置信区间：28.13~64.94，p<0.0001）。拥有独立厨房（调整优势比[Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR]=6.78；95%CI：1.04~44.20）、家中配备三盆清洗设施（AOR=10.61；95%CI：7.31~15.41）、母亲接触媒体（AOR=4.81；95%CI：1.23~18.82）以及居住于城镇（AOR=4.78；95%CI：2.73~8.38）是辅助食品制备卫生行为良好的预测因素。
研究结论：针对全国范围内6~24月龄儿童母亲在辅助食品制备过程中的卫生操作现况，埃塞俄比亚母亲的卫生行为普遍存在显著不足。因此，埃塞俄比亚卫生部应重点为产前保健体系制定辅助食品相关指南。此外，建议健康推广专员在产前随访过程中强化食品卫生宣教，以改善埃塞俄比亚地区辅助食品制备阶段的良好卫生行为。