Dprime_indexes, Criterion_indexes, RTs, Accuracy, Stai-Y scores.

Our study is concerned with the online effects of language on a visual search task for target objects among an array of distractors. We aim to test the effect of (i) simultaneous auditory and visual presentation of the name of the category to which the target belongs before the onset of each visual search display compared to (ii) hearing a white noise simultaneous to the visual presentation of the name of the target category before the onset of each visual search display (we expect superior performance in (i)). Two additional conditions have been included in the design: (iii) sole visual presentation of the name of the target category, and (iv) sole auditory presentation of the name of the target category, in order to compare the effects of a multisensory input (i) to a single auditory input (iv) (we expect superior performance with the multisensory input; Giard & Peronnet, 1999) and to compare an auditory input (iv) to a visual input (iii) in a visual search task (we expect superior performance with the auditory input; Cho, 2016). However, since these are secondary aims of the study, they will not contribute to power calculations.

本研究聚焦于语言对视觉搜索任务（visual search task）的在线效应，该任务要求被试在由干扰物组成的阵列中搜寻目标物体。本研究旨在检验两种实验条件的效果差异：（i）在每一轮视觉搜索阵列呈现前，同步以听觉与视觉形式呈现目标所属类别的名称；（ii）在每一轮视觉搜索阵列呈现前，将白噪音与目标类别的视觉名称同步呈现，我们预期条件（i）下的任务表现更优。本实验设计额外增设了两个对照条件：（iii）仅以视觉形式呈现目标类别的名称，以及（iv）仅以听觉形式呈现目标类别的名称。借此可将多感官输入（multisensory input）条件（i）的效应与单模态听觉输入（single auditory input）条件（iv）进行对比（我们预期多感官输入下的表现更优；Giard & Peronnet，1999），同时也可在视觉搜索任务中对比听觉输入（iv）与视觉输入（iii）的效应（我们预期听觉输入下的表现更优；Cho，2016）。不过鉴于上述均为本研究的次要目标，因此此类比较不会纳入效力计算（power calculation）环节。