Knowledge and awareness factors affecting kidney function and chronic kidney disease among the general population in the West Bank, Palestine: an online cross-sectional study

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a growing burden in Palestine’s West Bank; however, public awareness remains unassessed. This study evaluated the knowledge of kidney function, CKD risk factors, symptoms, prevention, and treatment among Palestinians and identified the predictors of awareness. An online cross-sectional survey of 592 adults (≥18 years) was conducted in 11 West Bank cities (August–September 2024). A validated Arabic questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics and CKD knowledge. Reliability was confirmed through pilot testing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of high knowledge (≥70% score threshold). Only 35.135% of the respondents had attended CKD seminars. Attendees exhibited significantly higher overall knowledge than non-attendees (70.673% vs. 38.021%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Key gaps included knowledge of kidney metabolic functions (31.250% vs. 17.708%), CKD stages (36.058% vs. 10.677%), and medication-based treatment (75.962% vs. 62.760%). Regression revealed higher odds of high knowledge among seminar attendees (aOR = 4.00, 95% CI: 2.82–5.67), adults &gt;50 years (aOR = 5.56, 95% CI: 3.12–9.91), and females (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.05–2.59). Social media (25.636%) and academic materials (28.390%) were the primary information sources. CKD knowledge gaps are prevalent in the West Bank, particularly regarding early symptoms and non-dialysis treatment. Educational seminars significantly improve awareness, but their reach remains limited. Future interventions should prioritize accessible community-based education, digital campaigns targeting youth, and screenings for high-risk groups. Further research should explore barriers among older populations and evaluate targeted awareness initiatives to address these issues.

慢性肾脏病（Chronic kidney disease, CKD）在巴勒斯坦约旦河西岸地区造成的负担日益加重，但目前尚未对当地公众的认知水平进行评估。本研究评估了巴勒斯坦民众对肾脏功能、CKD危险因素、症状、预防及治疗的认知情况，并明确了影响认知水平的预测因素。本研究于2024年8月至9月在约旦河西岸11座城市开展了一项针对592名成年（≥18岁）受访者的线上横断面调查。研究采用经过效度验证的阿拉伯语问卷，对受访者的社会人口学特征及CKD认知水平进行评估。通过预试验确认了问卷的信度。采用单因素及多因素logistic回归（logistic regression）分析，明确了高认知水平（得分阈值≥70%）的预测因素。仅有35.135%的受访者参加过CKD相关讲座。参加讲座的受访者的总体认知得分显著高于未参加者（70.673% vs. 38.021%，*p*<0.001）。受访者在多个方面存在认知缺口：肾脏代谢功能认知（31.250% vs. 17.708%）、CKD分期认知（36.058% vs. 10.677%）以及药物治疗认知（75.962% vs. 62.760%）。回归分析结果显示，参加讲座的受访者（调整优势比（adjusted odds ratio, aOR）=4.00，95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）：2.82~5.67）、年龄超过50岁的成年人（aOR=5.56，95%CI：3.12~9.91）以及女性受访者（aOR=1.65，95%CI：1.05~2.59）具备高认知水平的概率更高。社交媒体（25.636%）和学术资料（28.390%）是受访者获取相关信息的主要渠道。约旦河西岸地区民众普遍存在CKD认知缺口，尤其是在早期症状及非透析治疗方面。健康教育讲座可显著提升公众认知水平，但覆盖范围仍十分有限。未来的干预措施应优先推广可及性强的社区教育、针对年轻人的数字化宣传活动，并为高危人群开展筛查。后续研究应探索老年群体认知不足的阻碍因素，并评估针对性的认知提升方案以解决上述问题。