Replication Data for: School Shootings Increase NRA Donations

The United States has experienced a tragic increase in school shootings in recent years. Despite substantial media attention being paid to such incidents, and widespread support for stricter gun control measures, significant legislative action remains absent, however. To make sense of this puzzle, this paper focuses on the mobilizing responses of gun rights supporters in the aftermath of such events. Using granular data from 225,000 donations to the NRA's political action committee in a difference-in-differences design, I provide causal estimates showing substantial increases in both donation amounts and donor numbers after school shootings. These results provide insight into the counter-mobilizing responses of the pro-gun political right after shootings. In contrast to the typically transient nature of gun control movements, these counter-mobilizing responses are notably durable. The results of this study have important implications for our understanding of the complexities of, and obstacles to, gun regulation in the United States.

近年来，美国校园枪击事件数量呈悲剧性上升趋势。尽管此类事件获得了广泛的媒体关注，公众也普遍支持出台更严格的枪支管制措施，但美国始终未采取任何实质性的立法行动。为解开这一矛盾谜题，本文聚焦于校园枪击事件发生后枪支权利支持者的动员响应。本文采用双重差分（difference-in-differences）研究设计，利用针对全国步枪协会（National Rifle Association, NRA）政治行动委员会（political action committee, PAC）的22.5万笔细粒度捐赠数据，得出因果性估计结果：校园枪击事件发生后，捐赠金额与捐赠者人数均出现显著增长。上述结果揭示了亲枪右翼群体在枪击事件后采取的反向动员响应。与枪支管制运动通常具有的短暂性特征形成鲜明对比，此类反向动员响应具有显著的持久性。本研究结果对于我们理解美国枪支监管的复杂性及其面临的阻碍具有重要意义。