Long-term project observations for project P574 semester 2025OCTS_13

We request time to observe 270 pulsars on a regular basis in order to achieve three main science goals. The first is to understand pulsars: how do they spin down and what disrupts this process, how and why their profiles vary with time, whether they precess or have planetary mass companions, in short all the things that make pulsar timing noisier than the perfect clock. Secondly we want to understand the interstellar medium of our Galaxy through repeated monitoring of dispersion measure, rotation measure and flux density variations in conjunction with scintillation parameters. Finally, we provide these data as a community service both to the high-energy community where we have strong collaborative links (particularly to Fermi) and to the radio pulsar astronomers generally through the CSIRO archive. The project is on-going since 2007, we are (co-)authors on 107 papers arising from the P574 data. The data have contributed to the PhD theses of students from Bordeaux, Manchester, Oxford, Stanford, and Swinburne. We are seeking long-term project status with a view to continuing the project into the SKA era.

为实现三项核心科学目标，我们申请对270颗脉冲星开展定期观测的观测时长。其一，深化对脉冲星的基础认知：探究其自转减慢的机制、干扰该过程的因素、脉冲轮廓随时间演化的规律与成因，以及脉冲星是否存在进动现象或行星质量伴星——简言之，即所有会使脉冲星计时精度劣于理想时钟的各类因素。其二，通过持续监测色散量（Dispersion Measure）、旋转量（Rotation Measure）、流量密度变化，并结合闪烁参数，解析银河系星际介质（Interstellar Medium）的物理特性。最后，我们将观测数据作为社区公共服务对外共享：一方面面向与我们拥有紧密协作联系的高能天体物理研究共同体（尤其与费米Fermi项目团队），另一方面则通过CSIRO档案库面向全体射电脉冲星天文学家。
本项目自2007年起持续开展，基于P574项目数据产出的学术论文共计107篇，我们为其中部分论文的合作者或作者。
这些数据还助力了来自波尔多大学、曼彻斯特大学、牛津大学、斯坦福大学以及斯威本科技大学的学生完成其博士学位论文。
我们正申请将本项目转为长期项目，以期将该研究持续推进至平方公里阵列（Square Kilometre Array, SKA）时代。