Preparation of highly efficient oil-absorbing graphene aerogel and its adsorption property

Graphene aerogel，with its advantages of low density，high porosity，and a substantial specific surface area，holds promise for diverse applications in oil absorption. In this study，we employ ethylenediamine chemical grafting and a hydrothermal technique to synthesize graphene aerogel. To further refine its structure，carbon nanotubes （CNTs） are grown within the aerogel matrix using chemical vapor deposition. Subsequently，an octadecylamine surface treatment is applied further to enhance the oil absorption capacity of the material. We conduct a comprehensive investigation of the chemical composition，micromorphology，phase composition，and oil absorption properties of the prepared graphene aerogel material. The results reveal that the formability of the graphene aerogel is significantly influenced by the concentration of graphene oxide and the amount of ethylenediamine. Moreover，following structural optimization and surface modification，the oil absorption capability of the graphene aerogel increases dramatically. The modified three-dimensional graphene aerogel exhibits exceptional oil absorption capacity，with an adsorption capacity of up to 98.2 g·g-1 and an adsorption flux of 9.98×104 L·m-2·h-1. The technological insights obtained from this work will serve as a valuable reference for developing high-performance 3D graphene oil-absorbing materials. The results of this study offer a promising technical foundation for advancements in this field.

石墨烯气凝胶（Graphene aerogel）凭借低密度、高孔隙率与超大比表面积的优势，在吸油领域具备多样化的应用潜力。本研究采用乙二胺化学接枝结合水热技术合成石墨烯气凝胶；为进一步优化其微观结构，通过化学气相沉积法在气凝胶基体中生长碳纳米管（CNTs）。随后，经十八烷基胺表面改性进一步提升该材料的吸油性能。本研究对所制备的石墨烯气凝胶材料的化学成分、微观形貌、物相组成及吸油性能开展了全面表征与分析。结果表明，氧化石墨烯浓度与乙二胺用量对石墨烯气凝胶的成型性能具有显著影响。此外，经结构优化与表面改性后，该石墨烯气凝胶的吸油能力大幅提升。经改性后的三维石墨烯气凝胶展现出优异的吸油性能，其吸附容量可达98.2 g·g⁻¹，吸附通量可达9.98×10⁴ L·m⁻²·h⁻¹。本研究所得的技术思路可为高性能三维石墨烯基吸油材料的开发提供重要参考，研究结果也为该领域的后续发展提供了极具潜力的技术支撑。