Evaluation of pelvic-floor muscle function and urinary incontinence in college women: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the function and pressure of contraction of the Pelvic Floor Muscles (PFM) and the prevalence of Urinary Incontinence (UI) in university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with nulliparous university students between 18 and 35 years old, who had already had sexual intercourse and never underwent physical therapy treatment for Pelvic Floor Muscle Disorders (PFMD). All volunteers underwent anamnesis, answered the International Consultation on incontinence questionnaire short form (ICIQ-SF) and the incontinence severity index questionnaire (ISI-Q), and had their PFM function and manometry evaluated. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used and the sample values are expressed in medians, interquartile ranges, absolute and relative frequencies. A total of 35 women were evaluated, 65.72% of whom had normal muscle tone, but only 5.71% performed adequate contraction of the PFM, with low medians for all stages of PERFECT and in the manometry of the PFM. The prevalence of UI was 57.14%, with Urgent Urinary Incontinence (UUI) being the most prevalent complaint (50%) and having moderate severity (55%). This study allowed to identify deficits in the role of PFM and high rates of UI in College Women, demonstrating the importance of making this public aware of this PFMD.

摘要：本研究评估了大学生盆底肌（Pelvic Floor Muscles, PFM）的收缩功能与收缩压力，以及尿失禁（Urinary Incontinence, UI）的患病率。本研究纳入18至35岁、已有性生活史且从未因盆底肌功能障碍（Pelvic Floor Muscle Disorders, PFMD）接受物理治疗的未生育大学生，开展横断面研究。所有受试者均接受病史采集、填写国际尿失禁咨询问卷简表（International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, ICIQ-SF）与尿失禁严重程度指数问卷（Incontinence Severity Index Questionnaire, ISI-Q），并接受盆底肌功能与压力测定。本研究采用夏皮罗-威尔克检验，样本数据以中位数、四分位间距、绝对频数与相对频数进行统计描述。共计纳入35名女性受试者，其中65.72%的盆底肌张力正常，但仅5.71%的受试者能完成合格的盆底肌收缩，其PERFECT各阶段评分及盆底肌压力测定结果的中位数均处于较低水平。本次研究中尿失禁患病率为57.14%，其中以急迫性尿失禁（Urgent Urinary Incontinence, UUI）最为常见（占比50%），且55%的受试者尿失禁程度为中度。本研究明确了高校女性群体中盆底肌功能缺陷与高尿失禁患病率的现状，证实了向该群体普及盆底肌功能障碍相关知识的重要性。