Table_1_Relationship of Handgrip Strength and Body Mass Index With Cognitive Function in Patients With Schizophrenia.XLSX

Background: The relationship between muscle strength and cognition in schizophrenia has not been well studied. We investigated the potential relationship of handgrip strength (HGS) score and body mass index (BMI) with cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods: Participants included 153 patients with schizophrenia (age: 36.9 ± 9.4 years; 82 males) and 328 healthy controls (age: 36.4 ± 10.7 years; 150 males), matched for age, sex, and ethnicity (Japanese). HGS was measured using a digital handgrip dynamometer. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) test. A two-way multivariate analysis of covariance was used to compare HGS scores between the patient and control groups. Multiple regression analyses of BACS scores were performed in the patient and control groups using HGS and BMI scores as independent variables.
Results: In the intergroup comparison, significantly lower HGS scores were observed in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls (p < 0.05, corrected). In the patient group, there was a significantly positive correlation between HGS scores and BACS composite score (male, p = 0.0014; female, p = 0.0051). However, BMI scores were significantly negatively correlated with the BACS composite score (male, p = 0.0022; female, p = 0.018). Furthermore, the ratio of HGS/BMI was significantly positively correlated with the BACS composite score in the patient group (p = 0.00000018).
Conclusions: Cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia is correlated positively with HGS and negatively with BMI. HGS/BMI may thus be a good index for cognitive performance in schizophrenia.

背景：精神分裂症患者的肌肉力量与认知功能之间的关联尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探讨精神分裂症患者的握力（handgrip strength, HGS）评分与体质量指数（body mass index, BMI）和认知功能的潜在关联。
方法：研究对象纳入153例精神分裂症患者（年龄：36.9±9.4岁；男性82例）及328名健康对照者（年龄：36.4±10.7岁；男性150例），两组在年龄、性别及种族（日本人群）方面进行了匹配。采用数字握力计测量握力。使用精神分裂症认知功能简明评估量表（Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, BACS）对认知功能进行评估。采用双向多变量协方差分析比较患者组与对照组的握力评分。分别在患者组及对照组中，以握力及体质量指数作为自变量，对BACS评分进行多元回归分析。
结果：组间比较结果显示，精神分裂症患者的握力评分显著低于健康对照者（校正后p<0.05）。在患者组中，握力评分与BACS综合评分呈显著正相关（男性：p=0.0014；女性：p=0.0051）。然而，体质量指数评分与BACS综合评分呈显著负相关（男性：p=0.0022；女性：p=0.018）。此外，患者组的握力/体质量指数比值与BACS综合评分呈显著正相关（p=0.00000018）。
结论：本研究结果表明，精神分裂症患者的认知功能与握力呈正相关，与体质量指数呈负相关。因此，握力/体质量指数比值或可作为评估精神分裂症患者认知功能的良好指标。