Paddington Integrated Project (PIP), Paddington Station (Crossrail XSE10)

A programme of archaeological investigations were undertaken by Oxford Archaeology/Ramboll UK (OAR), in the vicinity of Paddington Station, City of Westminster, London W2. The intermittent watching brief works, which were carried out as part of the Paddington Integrated Project (PIP) Crossrail works, commenced in September 2010 and continued through to July 2012. Deposits of Brickearth were observed during the bulk excavation of the Triangle Site (east of Bishops Bridge). This geological deposit was seen overlaying an extensive (up to 2.5 m thick) sequence of gravels. These deposits were identified as Pleistocene river terrace deposits (Lynch Hill Gravels), which form part of the natural geology in this part of London. Several brick built structures and other remains associated with the Great Western Railway's Paddington Goods Yards and Paddington Station were recorded during the project, including sections of a cobbled roadway made up of granite setts, uncovered beneath the modern concrete slab at the Triangle Site and at the eastern end of the Upper London Street Deck Site. Other archaeological works included the monitoring of the demolition of the Milk Ramp, retaining walls and the removal of an extensive cobbled surface during utility trench works behind Platform 12. All of these remains were integral elements of the Paddington Station complex and part of what was an important component of the Great Western Railway and one of the earliest major railway termini to survive in Britain.

英国牛津考古/朗布尔英国（Oxford Archaeology/Ramboll UK，简称OAR）团队在伦敦西敏市帕丁顿车站周边（伦敦W2区域）开展了系列考古调查工作。作为帕丁顿综合项目（Paddington Integrated Project，简称PIP）克罗斯雷尔（Crossrail）工程的组成部分，本次间歇性考古监护作业于2010年9月启动，持续至2012年7月。在主教桥东侧的三角场地开展大规模开挖作业期间，考古人员发现了砖土层（Brickearth）堆积。该地质堆积覆于一套厚达2.5米的广泛分布砾石层之上。经鉴定，这些堆积属于更新世河阶地堆积——林奇山砾石层（Lynch Hill Gravels），为伦敦该区域自然地质的组成部分。本项目期间，团队共记录到多处与大西部铁路（Great Western Railway）帕丁顿货运场及帕丁顿车站相关的砖砌结构与其他遗迹，包括在三角场地及上伦敦街平台场地东端的现代混凝土板下方发掘出的、由花岗岩方块料铺成的块石路面残段。其余考古工作包括对12号站台后方市政管线沟槽工程中牛奶坡道、挡土墙的拆除作业进行考古监护，以及对一处大面积块石铺装面的移除过程开展记录。上述所有遗迹均为帕丁顿车站综合体的核心组成部分，是大西部铁路重要组成部分的一部分，同时也是英国现存最早的大型铁路终点站之一。