iNaturalist Observations

Beta Notice: This item is currently in beta and is intended for early access, testing, and feedback. It is not recommended for production use, as functionality and content are subject to change without notice. The iNaturalist Species Observations layer has replaced this beta item. Users are encouraged to transition to the new layer. This layer contains the latest collection of research-grade species observations contributed by iNaturalist users through the iNaturalist social network app and website. These Open Data observations can be used by the GIS community to better understand biodiversity, sustainability, migration patterns, invasive and threatened species distributions, and climate change adaptations, among many other use cases. Consumption Best Practices Due to the high volume of observations, the service limits individual point visibility to only draw at the largest scales, using multi-scale H3 hexbins to summarize predominant observations at smaller scales. Small subsets of iNaturalist observations (128,000) can be copied from the service for use in analysis, data enrichment, or other visualizations. For larger iNaturalist archive requests or for access to iNaturalist Project datasets, use the iNaturalist website, or the iNaturalist AWS S3 Open Data extract, from which this service was derived. Source: iNaturalist AWS S3 Open Data Update Frequency: Monthly, end of the month Spatial Reference: WGS 1984 (WKID 4326) Area Covered: World Attribute Information Taxonomy: Each observation contains its taxonomic hierarchy (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species), as well as its Scientific Name and Common Name (where available). iNaturalist Taxon Category: Observations are symbolized according to 12 unique taxonomic groups used by the iNaturalist community. User Information: All observations are credited to the iNaturalist User ID, User Login, and User Name (where provided) Media and Licenses: Direct URL links are provided to one original-resolution image from the iNaturalist observation. Creative Commons licensing also indicates the sharing and attribution of any photographic media associated with a user observation. Dates: Observations include an Observed on Date and a Modified on Date provided by iNaturalist. In addition, these date fields were added to simplify the filtering and visualization of observations by year or month: Observed on Month (integer) Observed on Year (integer) Note about Research Grade Observations Only Verifiable and Research Grade observations are included in this service. An observation is Verifiable if it meets these requirements: Has a date Is georeferenced (has lat/lon coordinates) Has photographs or sounds Isn’t of a captive or cultivated organism In addition, a Verifiable observation moves from "Needs ID" to "Research Grade" in iNaturalist when at least 2 species-level identifications (and 2/3 of all suggested identifications) are in agreement. See here for more information on how iNaturalist assesses data quality. Note about Location Privacy To protect the livelihood of endangered or threatened species, the X/Y locations of some iNaturalist observations are automatically obscured to a random location in a 400 square-kilometer grid cell. Similarly, users can choose to obscure the location of their observations in the iNaturalist app settings for personal privacy reasons. The result is that you may see dense, blocky aggregations of observations as you navigate around the map – or observations that appear in unusual places (e.g., an endangered coastal plant that has been relocated out in the ocean.) Additional iNaturalist Resources iNaturalist Guides iNaturalist statistics and observations iNaturalist Forum iNaturalist within the press Spatial Filtering options and examples Revisions July 10, 2024: Beta release of the iNaturalist Observations Live Feed service. This layer is provided for informational purposes and is not monitored 24/7 for accuracy and currency. Any changes or deletions made to user observations through the iNaturalist app or website will not be reflected in this service until the next monthly update.测试版声明：本项目目前处于测试阶段，仅面向早期访问、测试与反馈场景。暂不建议用于生产环境，其功能与内容可能随时变更且不另行通知。iNaturalist 物种观测图层已替代此测试版项目，建议用户尽快迁移至新版图层。 本图层收录了iNaturalist用户通过其社交网络应用与网站贡献的最新一批研究级物种观测数据。这些开放数据观测记录可供地理信息系统（Geographic Information System, GIS）社区用于深入探究生物多样性、可持续发展、迁徙模式、入侵与濒危物种分布以及气候变化适应等诸多应用场景。 使用最佳实践 由于观测数据量庞大，本服务限制单点要素仅可在最大比例尺下绘制，并采用多尺度H3六边形格网（H3 hexbins）对小比例尺下的主要观测数据进行汇总。用户可从本服务中复制最多128,000条iNaturalist观测数据子集，用于分析、数据富集或其他可视化工作。若需获取更大规模的iNaturalist存档数据或iNaturalist项目数据集，请访问iNaturalist官网，或使用本服务衍生来源的iNaturalist AWS S3开放数据提取服务。 数据来源：iNaturalist AWS S3开放数据 更新频率：每月月末 空间参考：WGS 1984（WKID 4326） 覆盖范围：全球 属性信息 分类学信息：每条观测记录均包含其分类层级（界、门、纲、目、科、属、种），以及科学名称与通用名称（若可获取）。 iNaturalist分类单元类别：观测记录将按照iNaturalist社区使用的12个独特分类组进行符号化展示。 用户信息：所有观测记录均标注了iNaturalist用户ID、用户登录名与用户名（若已提供）。 媒体与许可：提供指向iNaturalist观测记录中一张原始分辨率图像的直接URL链接。知识共享（Creative Commons）许可条款明确了与用户观测相关的所有摄影媒体的共享与署名要求。 日期信息：观测记录包含iNaturalist提供的观测日期与修改日期。此外，为简化按年份或月份进行的观测筛选与可视化操作，本服务新增了以下日期字段： - 观测月份（整数型） - 观测年份（整数型） 关于研究级观测记录的说明 本服务仅收录可验证且为研究级的观测记录。当观测记录满足以下全部要求时，即被视为可验证： 1. 带有观测日期 2. 具备地理坐标（经纬度信息） 3. 包含照片或音频素材 4. 非圈养或栽培生物体 此外，当至少有2条物种级鉴定结果（且占所有建议鉴定结果的2/3及以上）达成一致时，iNaturalist平台上的可验证观测记录将从“待鉴定”状态升级为“研究级”。更多关于iNaturalist如何评估数据质量的信息，请参阅此处。 关于位置隐私的说明 为保护濒危或受威胁物种的生存环境，部分iNaturalist观测记录的X/Y坐标将被自动模糊处理为400平方公里网格单元内的随机位置。此外，用户也可在iNaturalist应用的设置中选择模糊其观测记录的位置以保护个人隐私。这可能导致您在浏览地图时看到密集的块状观测数据聚合，或观测记录出现在异常位置（例如，原本生长在海岸的濒危植物被标记至海洋区域）。 iNaturalist额外资源 iNaturalist使用指南 iNaturalist统计数据与观测记录 iNaturalist论坛 媒体报道中的iNaturalist 空间筛选选项与示例 修订记录 2024年7月10日：iNaturalist观测实时推送服务测试版发布。 本图层仅用于提供信息参考，不会全天候监控其准确性与时效性。用户通过iNaturalist应用或网站对观测记录进行的任何修改或删除，将不会在本服务中体现，直至下一次月度更新。