Establishment of patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models using samples from CT-guided percutaneous biopsy

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the establishment of a human cancer xenograft model using samples from computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsy. Fresh tumor tissues obtained from 10 cancer patients by CT-guided percutaneous biopsy were subcutaneously inoculated into NOD-Prkdcem26Il2rgem26Nju (NCG) mice to establish human patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models. The formation of first and second generation xenografts was observed, and tumor volume was recorded over time. Tumor tissue consistency between the PDTX model and primary tumors in patients was compared using H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. Pharmacodynamic tests of clinically used chemotherapeutic drugs were conducted on second generation xenografts, and their effects on tumor growth and body weight were observed. CT-guided percutaneous biopsy samples were successfully collected from 10 patients with advanced cancers. The PDTX model was established in mice using tumor samples obtained from 4 cancer patients, including one small cell carcinoma sample, two adenocarcinoma samples, and one squamous cell carcinoma sample. The success rate was 40%. The obtained PDTX model maintained a degree of differentiation, and morphological and structural characteristics were similar to primary tumors. The pharmacodynamic test of chemotherapeutic drugs in the PDTX model revealed a therapeutic effect on tumor growth, as expected. CT-guided percutaneous biopsy samples can be effectively used to establish a PDTX model, and test these chemotherapy regimens.

本研究旨在探讨利用计算机断层扫描（CT）引导下经皮穿刺活检获取的样本构建人类肿瘤异种移植模型的可行性。研究团队通过CT引导下经皮穿刺活检从10例癌症患者体内获取新鲜肿瘤组织，将其皮下接种于NOD-Prkdcem26Il2rgem26Nju（NCG）小鼠体内，以构建患者来源肿瘤异种移植（PDTX）模型。观察第一代及第二代异种移植物的形成情况，并随时间记录肿瘤体积；采用苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色与免疫组织化学方法，对比PDTX模型与患者原发肿瘤的组织一致性。对第二代异种移植物开展临床常用化疗药物的药效学试验，观察其对肿瘤生长及小鼠体重的影响。本研究成功从10例晚期癌症患者体内获取CT引导下经皮穿刺活检样本。利用4例癌症患者的肿瘤组织样本，成功在小鼠体内构建PDTX模型，其中包含1例小细胞癌样本、2例腺癌样本及1例鳞状细胞癌样本，建模成功率为40%。所获得的PDTX模型保留了一定的肿瘤分化程度，其形态与结构特征与患者原发肿瘤高度相似。对PDTX模型开展的化疗药物药效学试验结果显示，化疗药物对肿瘤生长具有预期的治疗效果。CT引导下经皮穿刺活检样本可有效用于构建PDTX模型，并可用于相关化疗方案的药效学评价。