Optimization Of Thermal And Acoustic Insulation Properties Of Basalt, Carbon Fabric Reinforced Composites

<pre>In this study, the thermal and acoustic insulation (sound transmission loss) properties of basalt fabric and carbon fabric reinforced composite materials were examined. The reinforcement fabrics were chosen as plain weave, 200 g/m2 and six different ratios in composite. Epoxy was used as resin. In order to examine the effect of powder additives, Al2O3 and SiC, which are frequently used in composites, were added to the resin in powder form at three selected rates for each. The basalt and carbon fabric reinforcement within the composite has been changed. 18 different composite plates were produced in orthogonal order with the Taguchi Experimental design using three input parameters: six fabric reinforcement ratios, three Al₂O₃ additives and three SiC additives. In the study, thermal and sound insulation properties were measured according to standards. The composite material that provides the best thermal insulation and sound absorption properties was determined by the Taguchi method which also contains confirmation tests. The composite containing 50% basalt fabric, 2% Al₂O₃ additive and 5% SiC additive has the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient. The composite containing 30% basalt fabric, 0% Al₂O₃ additive and 10%SiC additive has the highest sound transmission loss value.</pre>

本研究针对玄武岩织物（basalt fabric）与碳纤维织物（carbon fabric）增强复合材料的热学与声学隔声（传声损失，sound transmission loss）性能展开了测试分析。所用增强织物均为平纹编织结构，面密度为200 g/m²，且在复合材料中设置六种不同的占比参数。本研究以环氧树脂作为基体树脂。为探究粉末添加剂的影响，选取复合材料领域常用的氧化铝（Al₂O₃）与碳化硅（SiC），以粉末形式分别按三种选定添加量添加至树脂基体中。复合材料中的玄武岩与碳纤维增强体占比可灵活调整。本研究采用田口实验设计（Taguchi Experimental Design），以三项输入参数——六种织物增强占比、三种氧化铝添加剂添加量、三种碳化硅添加剂添加量——通过正交排布制备了18种不同的复合板材。本研究中，复合材料的热学与声学隔声性能均依据相关标准进行测试。通过包含验证试验的田口方法，确定了兼具最优热隔热与吸声性能的复合材料配方。其中，含50%玄武岩织物、2%氧化铝添加剂及5%碳化硅添加剂的复合材料，其导热系数最低；含30%玄武岩织物、0%氧化铝添加剂及10%碳化硅添加剂的复合材料，其传声损失值最高。