Table_1_Prognostic Role and Diagnostic Power of Seven Indicators in COVID-19 Patients.XLSX

The prognostic role and diagnostic ability of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease indicators are not elucidated, thus, the current study aimed to investigate the prognostic role and diagnostic ability of several COVID-19 disease indicators including the levels of oxygen saturation, leukocytes, lymphocytes, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and D-dimer in patients with COVID-19. The levels of oxygen saturation, lymphocytes, and albumin were significantly higher in the common and severe clinical type patients compared with those in critical type patients. However, levels of leukocytes, CRP, IL-6, and D-dimer were significantly lower in the common and severe type patients compared with those in critical type patients (P < 0.001). Moreover, the current study demonstrated that the seven indicators have good diagnostic and prognostic powers in patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, a two-indicator (CRP and D-dimer) prognostic signature in training and testing datasets was constructed and validated to better understand the prognostic role of the indicators in COVID-19 patients. The patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the median-risk scores. The findings of the Kaplan–Meier curve analysis indicated a significant divergence between the high-risk and low-risk groups. The findings of the receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis indicated the good performance of the signature in the prognosis prediction of COVID-19. In addition, a nomogram was constructed to assist clinicians in developing clinical decision-making for COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, the findings of the current study demonstrated that the seven indicators are potential diagnostic markers for COVID-19 and a two-indicator prognostic signature identification may improve clinical management for COVID-19 patients.

新型冠状病毒病2019（coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19）相关临床指标的预后价值与诊断效能尚未阐明，本研究旨在探讨新冠患者的多项疾病指标的预后价值与诊断效能，涵盖血氧饱和度、白细胞、淋巴细胞、白蛋白、C反应蛋白（C-reactive protein, CRP）、白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6, IL-6）及D-二聚体的水平。
普通型与重型新冠患者的血氧饱和度、淋巴细胞及白蛋白水平均显著高于危重型患者；而普通型、重型患者的白细胞、CRP、IL-6及D-二聚体水平则显著低于危重型患者（P < 0.001）。
此外，本研究证实上述7项指标在新冠患者中均具备良好的诊断与预后效能。
为进一步明晰上述指标在新冠患者中的预后作用，本研究构建并验证了基于CRP与D-二聚体的双指标预后特征模型，并在训练数据集与测试数据集内开展验证。研究基于中位风险评分将患者划分为高风险组与低风险组。
卡普兰-迈耶（Kaplan–Meier）曲线分析结果显示，高、低风险组间存在显著预后差异；受试者工作特征（receiver operating curve, ROC）曲线分析结果表明，该预后模型在新冠患者预后预测中表现优异。
此外，本研究还构建了列线图，以辅助临床医生为新冠患者制定临床诊疗决策。
综上，本研究结果表明，上述7项指标均可作为新冠潜在的诊断标志物，而基于双指标的预后特征模型识别或可优化新冠患者的临床管理方案。