Original data

Under reduced light heterogeneity conditions, <i>P. quinquefolius</i> grown under 13.1% light transmittance exhibited the greatest root dry weight compared to 0.7%, 6.4%, and 19.8% light transmittance conditions. At 13.1% light transmittance, <i>P. quinquefolius</i> integrated morphological and physiological traits, ultimately regulating root dry weight by reducing H₂O₂ content and increasing <i>Pn</i> and chlorophyll content. Light intensity significantly altered the properties of <i>P. quinquefolius</i> rhizosphere soil and microbial diversity and community structure. A 13.1% light transmittance had a positive effect on both. Notably, it enhanced S-UE activity, pH, and AN content, as well as the relative abundance of pH-related microorganisms (such as <i>uncultured_Acidobacteria_bacterium</i>, <i>unclassified_Acidobacteriales</i>, and <i>unclassified_Leotiomycetes</i>) and denitrifying bacteria genera (such as <i>unclassified_Gemmatimonadaceae</i>, <i>Anaeromyxobacter</i>, and <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>). Soil chemical properties influenced <i>P. quinquefolius</i> growth by regulating photosynthesis and antioxidant physiological traits. Overall, under reduced light heterogeneity conditions, light intensity can directly or indirectly affect the soil-rhizosphere-<i>P. quinquefolius</i> system, but the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. This study expands our understanding of how light intensity under under forests light heterogeneity conditions regulates <i>P. quinquefolius</i> growth and is of significant importance for developing effective management strategies for under forests <i>P. quinquefolius</i> cultivation.

在光照异质性降低的条件下，与透光率0.7%、6.4%和19.8%的处理相比，透光率13.1%条件下生长的<i>西洋参（Panax quinquefolius）</i>表现出最大的根干重。透光率13.1%时，<i>P. quinquefolius</i>整合形态与生理性状，最终通过降低过氧化氢（H₂O₂）含量、提高净光合速率（Pn）和叶绿素含量来调控根干重。光照强度显著改变了<i>P. quinquefolius</i>根际土壤（rhizosphere soil）的性质以及微生物多样性和群落结构。透光率13.1%对二者均具有积极影响，尤其显著提高了土壤脲酶活性（S-UE activity）、pH值和碱解氮（AN）含量，同时增加了pH相关微生物（如未培养的酸杆菌门细菌（uncultured_Acidobacteria_bacterium）、未分类的酸杆菌目（unclassified_Acidobacteriales）和未分类的锤舌菌纲（unclassified_Leotiomycetes））以及反硝化细菌属（如未分类的芽单胞菌科（unclassified_Gemmatimonadaceae）、厌氧粘细菌属（Anaeromyxobacter）和慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium））的相对丰度。土壤化学性质通过调控光合作用和抗氧化生理性状影响<i>P. quinquefolius</i>的生长。总体而言，在光照异质性降低的条件下，光照强度可直接或间接影响土壤-根际-<i>P. quinquefolius</i>系统，但其潜在机制仍需进一步研究。本研究拓展了我们对森林光照异质性条件下光照强度如何调控<i>P. quinquefolius</i>生长的理解，对制定有效的林下<i>P. quinquefolius</i>栽培管理策略具有重要意义。