Results of a linear additive mixed-effects model of individual nestling growth.

Body mass was the response variable, mother's life history (semelparous, iteroparous with a first litter, or iteroparous with a second litter) and nestling age were fixed explanatory variables, and mother and offspring identity were treated as random effects. df = 45.

体重为响应变量，母体生活史（单次生殖、第一胎繁殖的多次生殖，或第二胎繁殖的多次生殖）以及幼崽年龄为固定解释变量，母体与后代的个体身份被作为随机效应处理，自由度df=45。