Psychometric properties and validity of the German version of the Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5 (PDS-5)

<b>Background</b>: The availability of psychometrically sound instruments for the assessment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is indispensable for clinical and scientific work with individuals suffering from trauma-related distress. <b>Objective</b>: The aim of the present study was to translate the Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5 (PDS-5) into German and to evaluate its psychometric properties as well as convergent, discriminant, and factorial validity. <b>Method</b>: The authorized German translation of the PDS-5 was completed by 270 patients admitted to specialized outpatient trauma clinics. Of these, 57.8% completed the PDS for a second time (mean time between assessments was 12.0 days). In order to examine convergent and discriminant validity of the PDS-5, the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 as well as Patient Health Questionnaire subscales assessing depression (PHQ-9), somatization (PHQ-15), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) were applied. <b>Results</b>: The PDS-5 total score showed excellenst internal consistency (α = .91) and re-test reliability (rho = .84). Convergent validity was supported by a strong correlation with the total score of the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5; rho = .91). Correlations with Patient Health Questionnaire subscales of depression (rho = .81), anxiety (rho = .72), and somatization (rho = .65) were significantly lower (all <i>p</i> &lt; .001) indicating discriminant validity of the PDS-5. Confirmative Factor Analysis did not result in a clear preference for one of the tested models. Defining a diagnostic cut-off value of ≥36 based on ROC analysis resulted in high sensitivity (.92) and specificity (.96) compared to a probable PTSD diagnosis according to the PCL-5. <b>Conclusions</b>: In summary, our results indicate that the German PDS-5 translation provides valid and reliable information concerning both PTSD severity and diagnosis. The Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5 (PDS-5) is one of the most frequently applied self-rating scales for assessing PTSD severity.This study indicates that the German PDS-5 version provides valid and reliable information concerning both PTSD severity and diagnosis. The Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5 (PDS-5) is one of the most frequently applied self-rating scales for assessing PTSD severity. This study indicates that the German PDS-5 version provides valid and reliable information concerning both PTSD severity and diagnosis.

<b>研究背景</b>：具备心理测量学特性优良的工具以评估创伤后应激障碍（Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD），对于针对创伤相关痛苦个体开展临床与科研工作而言不可或缺。<b>研究目标</b>：本研究旨在将《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, DSM-5）适配的创伤后应激障碍诊断量表（Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5, PDS-5）译为德语，并评估其心理测量学特性，同时验证其聚合效度、区分效度与结构效度。<b>研究方法</b>：本研究的德语版PDS-5授权翻译工作完成后，招募了270名就诊于专科门诊创伤诊所的患者参与测评。其中57.8%的患者完成了第二次PDS测评，两次测评的平均间隔时间为12.0天。为检验PDS-5的聚合与区分效度，本研究同时采用了《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》创伤后应激障碍检查表（Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, PCL-5），以及患者健康问卷（Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ）中评估抑郁的PHQ-9、评估躯体化的PHQ-15与广泛性焦虑障碍量表（Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7）分量表。<b>研究结果</b>：PDS-5的总分展现出优异的内部一致性（α = 0.91）与重测信度（rho = 0.84）。聚合效度得到验证：其总分与《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》创伤后应激障碍检查表（PCL-5）的总分呈强相关（rho = 0.91）。PDS-5与患者健康问卷抑郁分量表（rho = 0.81）、焦虑分量表（rho = 0.72）以及躯体化分量表（rho = 0.65）的相关程度均显著更低（所有p < 0.001），这表明PDS-5具备区分效度。验证性因子分析未明确支持某一种被检验的模型。基于受试者工作特征（Receiver Operating Characteristic, ROC）分析将诊断界值设定为≥36时，相较于基于PCL-5得出的疑似PTSD诊断，该界值展现出较高的灵敏度（0.92）与特异度（0.96）。<b>研究结论</b>：综上，本研究结果表明，德语版PDS-5译本能够为PTSD严重程度评估与诊断提供可靠且有效的信息。《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》适配的创伤后应激障碍诊断量表（PDS-5）是当前应用最为广泛的PTSD严重程度自评量表之一。本研究表明，德语版PDS-5译本能够为PTSD严重程度评估与诊断提供可靠且有效的信息。《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》适配的创伤后应激障碍诊断量表（PDS-5）是当前应用最为广泛的PTSD严重程度自评量表之一。本研究表明，德语版PDS-5译本能够为PTSD严重程度评估与诊断提供可靠且有效的信息。