Goal Management Training for Methamphetamine Addiction

GMT+ (i.e., an abbreviated and population [methamphetamine use disorder]-tailored adaptation of GMT [Levine et al., 2011]) is a therapist-guided group-based cognitive remediation intervention that includes instruction and practise tasks to train the executive functions that facilitate goal setting, self-regulation and advantageous decision-making.<br> The program includes 4 modules / sessions delivered via PowerPoint presentations, and a take-home “paper and pencil” journal to practise between sessions. Each session trains a specific executive function. Session 1 (Be Aware) trains sustained attention; participants are taught to notice when their thoughts are drifting and to apply mindfulness strategies to stay in the present moment. Session 2 (Pause) trains inhibitory control; participants are taught to ‘pause’ and refocus on a current task. Session 3 (Envision Goals) trains working memory; participants are taught strategies to maintain their goals “on line”. Session 4 (Decide) trains decision-making; participants are taught to apply future-based thinking and to use long-term goals to guide current decision-making. Each session provides instructional content, interactive activities to demonstrate how cognition-related errors can contribute to substance use, and related discussions. Facilitators will lead discussions about how these errors occur in everyday life and then provide strategies to strengthen cognitive control skills. In addition to the 4 sessions, participants are provided with a journal to engage in daily practise of the GMT+ strategies, aiding transfer of these skills to everyday life goals.<br> The first session will be conducted after each participant has undergone detoxification. GMT+ will be facilitated by clinical psychology doctoral students with a minimum of 6 years of training in psychology. The program will be delivered in a face to face group setting at urban residential rehabilitation centres and will include between 4-6 participants. There are four 90-minute weekly sessions, and four weeks of daily journal activities, which take approximately 10 minutes per day to complete.<br> Intervention adherence will be monitored with a session attendance checklist. The facilitators will mark down participant attendance at the beginning and end of each session, in order to record entire session attendance.

GMT+（即GMT[Levine等人，2011]的简化版，且针对甲基苯丙胺使用障碍人群定制的改编方案）是一种由治疗师指导的团体认知矫正干预（cognitive remediation intervention），包含指导与实践任务，旨在训练促进目标设定、自我调节及有利决策的执行功能（executive functions）。<br>该项目包含4个通过PowerPoint演示文稿开展的模块/ session，以及供参与者在session之间练习的带回家的“纸笔”日志。每个session训练特定的执行功能。Session1（觉察）训练持续注意力（sustained attention）；参与者将学习识别自己的思维何时偏离，并应用正念策略（mindfulness strategies）停留在当下。Session2（暂停）训练抑制控制（inhibitory control）；参与者学习“暂停”并重新聚焦于当前任务。Session3（愿景目标）训练工作记忆（working memory）；参与者学习将目标“在线”保持的策略。Session4（决策）训练决策能力；参与者学习应用未来导向思维，并以长期目标指导当前决策。每个session均提供教学内容、展示认知相关错误如何导致物质使用的互动活动，以及相关讨论。facilitator将引导讨论这些错误在日常生活中如何发生，随后提供强化认知控制技能（cognitive control skills）的策略。除4个session外，参与者还会获得一本日志，用于每日练习GMT+策略，助力这些技能向日常生活目标的迁移。<br>首次session将在每位参与者完成戒毒治疗（detoxification）后进行。GMT+由至少接受过6年心理学训练的临床心理学博士生主持。该项目将在城市residential康复中心（residential rehabilitation centres）以面对面团体形式开展，每组包含4-6名参与者。项目包含4次每周一次的90分钟session，以及4周的每日日志活动（每日约需10分钟完成）。<br>干预依从性（intervention adherence）将通过session出勤清单进行监测。facilitator将在每个session开始和结束时记录参与者出勤情况，以记录全程session出勤。