Table 1_Identification of 1,3-1,4-β-D-glucanase (OsDLH) genes and analysis of haplotype diversity in rice.xlsx

1,3-1,4-β-D-glucanase (DLH) is a fibrolytic enzyme playing important roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. In this study, we identified 11 DLH genes in japonica rice (Nipponbare), and analyzed their chromosomal localization, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, evolutionary relationships, and collinearity. We also performed cis-acting element identification, gene expression profiling, and qPCR verification under abiotic stress, as well as conducted diversity analysis of gene-CDS-haplotypes (gcHaps) in 3,010 rice germplasms to dissect the potential functions of these OsDLH genes. The results showed that OsDLH1, OsDLH5, and OsDLH10 can be utilized to improve the tolerance of rice to abiotic stress. OsDLH1, OsDLH2 and OsDLH8 are highly expressed in roots. Under high-salt stress, the expression of OsDLH6 and OsDLH10 in stems and leaves increased. These results indicated that OsDLH1 and OsDLH5 have specific expression patterns in response to different environmental signals, implying that they may play different roles in the growth and development process of rice and the stress response mechanism. Haplotype analysis indicated population differentiation of the OsDLH gene family in rice. The major gcHaps at most OsDLH loci are significantly associated with yield traits. Some genes of this family have potential application value in improving stress resistance and yield traits of rice.

1,3-1,4-β-D-葡聚糖酶（1,3-1,4-β-D-glucanase，简称DLH）是一类纤维分解酶，在植物生长、发育及胁迫响应中发挥重要作用。本研究在粳稻（日本晴，Nipponbare）中鉴定得到11个DLH基因，并对其染色体定位、理化性质、亚细胞定位、进化关系及共线性进行了系统分析。此外，本研究还开展了顺式作用元件鉴定、基因表达谱分析、非生物胁迫下的实时定量PCR（qPCR）验证，并对3010份水稻种质资源中的基因-CDS单倍型（gene-CDS-haplotypes，简称gcHaps）进行多样性分析，以解析这些水稻DLH（OsDLH）基因的潜在功能。研究结果表明，OsDLH1、OsDLH5与OsDLH10可用于提升水稻的非生物胁迫耐受性。OsDLH1、OsDLH2及OsDLH8在根系中呈高表达模式。在高盐胁迫条件下，OsDLH6与OsDLH10在茎秆和叶片中的表达量显著上调。上述结果提示，OsDLH1与OsDLH5对不同环境信号具有特异性表达模式，暗示二者可能在水稻生长发育过程及胁迫响应机制中发挥差异化作用。单倍型分析显示，水稻OsDLH基因家族存在种群分化现象。多数OsDLH基因座的主要gcHaps与产量性状显著相关。该基因家族部分成员在改良水稻抗逆性与产量性状方面具有潜在应用价值。