CHANGES IN PRICES OF LIVE LAMB AND LAMB CARCASSES IN POLAND

The main objective of the study was to determine changes in the prices of live lamb and lamb carcasses in Poland and to indicate the occurring regularities. The specific objectives were to show the changes in the prices of live lamb and lamb carcasses after the accession to the EU, to identify the periods with the highest and the lowest prices and to define the occurring regularities in this respect. The sources of materials are data from EUROSTAT, the Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the Regional Union of Sheep and Goat Breeders in Białystok. The research period covered the years 2004-2020. Descriptive, tabular and graphical methods were used to analyse and present the materials, as well as fixed-base dynamics indicators. In Poland, prices of livestock and lamb carcasses did not change significantly during the several years after EU accession. There were short periods of price decreases and increases. Seasonal price fluctuations were also found. The highest prices for lamb carcasses were achieved from December to Easter, while the lowest prices were achieved during the summer months. The reason for this was the seasonality of both production and consumption. There were also regional disparities in the purchase prices of lamb livestock due to differences in sheep production and use.

本研究的核心目标在于确定波兰活羔羊与羔羊肉胴体的价格变化趋势，并揭示其中存在的规律。具体目标包括：展示波兰加入欧盟后活羔羊与羔羊肉胴体的价格变化特征，识别价格最高与最低的时期，以及明确该领域内的规律模式。研究数据来源于欧盟统计局（EUROSTAT）、波兰中央统计局（CSO）及比亚韦斯托克地区绵羊与山羊育种者联盟。研究时段覆盖2004年至2020年。分析与呈现材料时采用了描述性方法、表格与图形工具，以及固定基期动态指标。研究发现，波兰加入欧盟后的数年间，活羔羊与羔羊肉胴体价格未发生显著变动，仅出现短期涨跌波动；同时存在季节性价格规律——羔羊肉胴体最高价格出现在12月至复活节期间，最低价格位于夏季月份，这一现象源于生产与消费的季节性特征。此外，由于绵羊养殖模式与利用方式的区域差异，活羔羊收购价格亦存在地区性不均衡。